Value-directed remembering refers to the tendency to best remember important information at the expense of less valuable information, and this ability may draw on strategic attentional processes. In six experiments, we investigated the role of attention in value-directed remembering by examining memory for important information under conditions of…

When making moral judgments of past actions, adults often think counterfactually about what could have been done differently. Considerable evidence suggests that counterfactual thinking emerges around age 6, but it remains unknown how this development influences children's moral judgments. Across two studies, Australian children aged 4-9 (N = 236,…

Humans routinely make inferences about both the contents and the workings of other minds based on observed actions. People consider what others want or know, but also how intelligent, rational, or attentive they might be. Here, we introduce a new methodology for quantitatively studying the mechanisms people use to attribute intelligence to others…

Teacher education programmes struggle to attract, develop, and retain potential teachers in Science and Mathematics. The development of both academic and non-academic attributes (e.g. adaptability, empathy) during a programme can influence not only retention but the profession-readiness of graduates. This is especially important in underserved…

Studies on cyberbullying recognize that peer group pressure can activate certain moral disengagement mechanisms that promote the perpetration of aggressive behaviors online. The objectives of this research were to analyze the association of peer group pressure with cyberaggression and to test the mediation effect of different moral disengagement…

This study examined science teachers' views on the Reconceptualized Family Resemblance Approach to Nature of Science (RFN). Semi-structured individual online interviews including questions related to all categories of the RFN were conducted with eight science teachers to explore their views on the epistemic, cognitive, and social-institutional…

When it comes to choosing tasks, values can have a significant impact. This study explores teachers' values as they choose one task from among three that they believe will have the most potential to occasion mathematical creativity in the classroom. Participants' analyses of each task, as well as their reasons for choosing one task as most…

This research explores the impact of ethno-RME on students' thinking processes in solving decimal number operations in Tugu Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The study involved 32 grade 4 students and used three data collection techniques: task provision, cognitive interviews, and documentation. The qualitative data was analyzed using cross-sectional data…

This study contributes to a developmental approach focusing on emotions as being of key significance in explaining the Happy Victimizer pattern (HV pattern) among adults. Based on findings from our own research on moral emotions within the Happy Victimizer paradigm, we claim that a purely cognitive approach to explain the HV is overly narrow.…

Adults commonly conceptualize intentional harms as worse than accidental harms. We probed the developmental trajectory of this pattern and asked whether U.S. children (4 - to 7-year-olds) and adults expected other agents -- including another person and God -- to share their views. In contrast with some prior work, even the youngest children in the…

Moral disengagement is a cognitive mechanism that seeks to avoid the feeling of guilt in the face of transgressive behaviors and seems to be present in behaviors such as cyberbullying, cybergossip or bullying in adolescence. Few studies have explored this connection in the primary school years, even though gossip, bullying and cyberbullying are…

Middle childhood seems to be crucial for the emergence of a moral identity, that is, an evaluative stance of how important it is for someone's sense of self to be moral. This study investigates the effects of moral identity on the neural processing of moral content in 10-year-old children. Participants were presented with scenes portraying…

Research Findings: Children's capacities for complex socio-moral reasoning carries across domains; similarly, children's aggressive behaviors changes as a function of context. However, with a few exceptions, little research has considered children's socio-moral reasoning and aggressive subtypes in concert. The goals of the current study were to…

The paper aims to develop and validate an internet literacy scale for high school students. The study emphasizes the importance of internet literacy, especially for adolescents who need sufficient internet literacy to gain self-development and live their whole lives in this information age. The study has recruited 744 high school students and…

Background/purpose. This research aims to analyze the influence and test the effectiveness of using an e-module based on sustainable development goals (SDGs) with the conceptual change model-cognitive conflict approach (CCM-CCA) integrated with local wisdom on students' critical thinking skills. Materials/methods. This research employed a…