When evaluating environmental challenges such as vulnerability to natural hazards, it is important to consider both the physical exposure as well as the socio-demographic characteristics of a population. Human populations and their characteristics vary considerably over space and time. This paper introduces and evaluates an open-source resource…

Elected representatives' place of residence can reveal information about their socioeconomic status, their likely social networks, and potential biases in the constituencies they represent. Using data on home addresses we collected from local elections offices, we investigate the geographic distribution of school board candidates', including…

This study measures the extent to which student outmigration outside the 4-year sector takes place and posits that the benefits from attracting non-resident students exist regardless of sector of enrollment. The study also provides empirical evidence about the relevance of employing geographical network analysis (GNA) and spatial econometrics in…

We analyze the geographical distribution of, and access to, charter schools in the state of Ohio. Using poverty and race data from the U.S. Census, as well as publicly available student achievement scores, we analyze the locational preferences of charter schools. We use Geographic Information System (GIS) to visual display charter school locations…

The United States's collection of race data in Census 2000 and the 2010 Census provides a historical and landmark opportunity to compare results from two decennial censuses on the distributions of people reporting multiple races in response to the census. This research provides insights on the number of people who reported more than one race and…

This study uses logistic and multinomial logistic regression models to analyze neighborhood factors affecting EMO (Education Management Organization)-operated schools' locational attributes (using census tracts) in 41 states for the 2014-2015 school year. Our research combines market-based school reform, institutional theory, and resource…

The present study analyzes data of the governmental reported general population and population of persons with disabilities from 2002 to 2009, to describe the disability prevalence and to test the overtime change with particular focused on the geographic differences in Taiwan. In average, the disability prevalence was 42.06% (range = 31.06%-80.04%…

Although gentrification is a process commonly associated with urban landscapes, rural areas in advanced economies have also experienced gentrification over the past two decades. Largely based on case study approaches, the Rural Studies literature describes transformations in the housing market, changed cultural attitudes toward the environment,…

This paper documents changing patterns of concentrated poverty in nonmetro areas. Data from the Decennial U.S. Census Summary Files show that poverty rates--both overall and for children--declined more rapidly in nonmetro than metro counties in the 1990s. The 1990s also brought large reductions in the number of high-poverty nonmetro counties and…

Commuting or re-location costs could be an in important influence on students' university choices and might even deter some from going to university. The barriers presented by these costs may be high for lower-income students, and students for whom there are cultural incentives to remain in or close to the parental home. If this is the case, then…

This study examines variations in the number of months American children spent in school in 1900. Using a sample of 15,321 students aged five to 20 from federal census figures, the effect of regional, community, and individual characteristics on the length of the school term are explored. (JL)

This is the third of three reports on the 1974 National Survey of Scientists and Engineers conducted by the Bureau of the Census for the National Science Foundation. It covers geographic characteristics of the almost 1.1 million persons in the National Sample. The data are reported in detailed statistical tables, with additional information…

Descriptions of the number and distributions of minority physicians, dentists, and pharmacists within certain geographically and demographically defined areas are provided. Data from the Bureau of the Census for the 1980 Decennial Census were used in examining distribution patterns of minority and non-minority practitioners by geographic region,…

In this study migration is examined as a component of population change. Decisions involved in migration are discussed. Source of migration data are suggested. Generalized in-migration and out-migration fields are described. Migration patterns before 1975 and recent migration patterns are examined and decisions underlying the latter are analyzed.…

This report presents information obtained from three questions on the U.S. Census 2000 long form about coresident grandparents, focusing on data from people over age 29 years. Results indicated that the percentage of coresident grandparents varied sharply by race and Hispanic origin. More than half of American Indian and Alaska Native coresident…