The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between treatment-induced changes in academic achievement and social skills in elementary school-age children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. A sample of 123 children in grades 1 through 4 with symptoms of inattention, impulsivity and/or hyperactivity, and significant…

Delay/response inhibition in the presence of an attractive stimulus and compliance with maternal directives in a clean-up task were observed among subjects 18, 24, and 30 months of age. Results suggested (1) achievement of self-control is a major developmental accomplishment, and (2) individual differences in self-control emerge and are…

The development, reliability, and validity of five scales designed to measure perceived freedom in leisure are explored in this article. Value of the scales for assessment and basic research on the state of mind view of leisure are discussed. (Author/DF)

The assessment of generalization has become a priority of applied behavior analysis. The study provided a thorough assessement of the generality of a comprehensive self-control intervention designed to increase the math performance of an underachieving student in a regular elementary school classroom. (Author/DB)

The Goldman Lock Box provides two measures of self-regulation, planfulness and maintenance of goal-directed behavior. Lock Box performance of 25 children with down syndrome was compared with that of 43 typically developing children, matched for mental age. Children in both groups showed similar levels of competence, planfulness and…

Examined developmental patterns in children's attempts to regulate their expressive behavior in a mildly conflictful situation where they expected to receive a desirable reward but in fact received an undesirable one. Major findings included significant age by sex interactions. (Author/RH)

According to the abstinence violation effect, highly controlled drinkers tend to overindulge following an initial slip. To investigate this relapse model, 47 male college students, ranging in age from 21 to 46, were assigned either to an unrestrained or a restrained drinker group according to their scores on the Restrained Drinking Scale. Subjects…

The study assessed whether 4 students (ages 9-13) with severe autistic disabilities could learn to use a self-management treatment package to reduce stereotypic behavior. Use of the procedures greatly reduced levels of stereotypic behavior. Improvement also occurred for extended periods of time in new settings without the presence of a treatment…

A self control therapy program for depression was held over a 10-week period for 104 women, aged 18-60. The therapy focused on behavioral and cognitive objectives, increasing both activity levels and positive statements about self. To investigate the effectiveness of the program after a 6-month period, 71 of the women (approximately 70 percent of…

This article presents theoretical reflections and empirical data on metacognitive aspects of memory and reading problems in children with reading comprehension disabilities. A distinction is made between metacognitive awareness and metacognitive control processes. Experimental results suggest that poor comprehenders present less adequate…

This study with 37 learning-disabled (LD) elementary-age children found that LD children were lower in perceived cognitive competence and academic self-regulation than nondisabled control groups but were comparable to low achieving children. LD children were also likely to perceive academic outcomes as controlled by powerful others. (Author/DB)

A survey of 39 psychologists at a state school for mentally retarded persons assessed the prevalence of self-restraint, self-injurious behavior (SIB) and other maladaptive behaviors. Results indicated that almost all clients engaging in self-restraint also engaged in self-injurious behavior. (Author/DB)

The study examining the effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioral training program with 30 behaviorally disordered adolescents found participating students exhibited fewer aggressive behaviors and demonstrated greater self-control than nonparticipating students. The addition of an incentive for implementing the training strategies did not appear to…

Examination of self-restraint in 99 adults with severe/profound mental retardation who exhibited self-injury found that 46% exhibited self-restraint. A higher occurrence of compulsive behaviors was found for subjects who engaged in self-injury and self-restraint. When self-restraint was prevented, subjects responded negatively. Results support a…

Theorists have hypothesized that alcoholism, antisocial behavior, and childhood hyperactivity are part of a spectrum of disorders that have a common etiologic component, i.e., neuropsychological deficits to the structures (limbic system, frontal lobes) which regulate impulses. To examine the similarities in neuropsychological deficits between…