Contends that identity is constituted differently depending on the culture of origin. Against backdrop of U.S. individualism, explores cultural relativity of identity and pseudospeciation (false sense of cultural specialness). Notes that this literature grounds prejudice in evolution itself and provides reasons for movement beyond individualism to…

Draws a distinction between the concepts of personal growth and personal development through a linguistic analysis. Argues that the difference is vital in counselor training, where the emphasis should necessarily be on those aspects of personal development that are relevant to specific training objectives and client needs, rather than on the more…

Suggests criteria developed within context of Erikson's first five psychosocial stages that may help in evaluating self-concept and ego development. To assess strengths and weaknesses in self's growth as it progresses through the stages, five behavioral expressions tables are presented, each illustrating possible behaviors and implicit attitudes…

Discusses a method of teaching human development through the use of writing journals and reading the novels of May Sarton. Uses excerpts from students' journals to highlight the process by which human service workers begin to overcome the distance between their worlds and the worlds of the elderly with whom they will work. (Author)

Describes a general model within which various techniques of counseling and psychotherapy may be integrated. This model is based on Lewin's formula, that is, behavior is a function of the person and the environment. (Author)

Proposes model based on developmental psychopathology for conceptualizing effects of child sexual abuse. Argues that incest has negative effects on self and social functioning, by jeopardizing self-definition and integration, self-regulatory processes, and sense of security and trust in relationships. Reviews self and social development…

Used observation and interviewing techniques adapted from ethnography in lifespan human development courses. Technique assisted students in becoming aware of previously "invisible" everyday activities and in assessing their own values. Students began to develop vital observation and interviewing skills. Technique facilitated integration of…

Claims that to be fully achieved, change toward sex equality must occur in social, cultural, and personality systems and be apparent in economy as well as in marriage and individual identity. Suggests that high rate of marital disruption represents strain between macro changes in society and related changes in marriage roles and gender role…

Introduces guidance system for the application of invitational theory. Calls system "Helix" because it spirals through 12 steps of development divided into three levels. Offers schema for examining one's own development as an invitational student, practitioner, and theorist. Provides impetus for further discussion about developmental…

Describes Individual Development Accounts (IDA), a federal program that combines low-income individuals' savings with matching funds for such goals as home ownership, education, and small business startup. Discusses their effect on community building and how extension educators can participate in establishing IDA programs. (SK)

Developmental psychologist Erik Erikson observed that achieving a sense of self, an identity, was the important psychosocial task facing adolescents. The conflict lies in discovering and defining that identity despite parental and societal demands, changing values and opportunities, the influence of friends, and lovers, education, and finances.…

Describes the Traveling School of Santa Cruz, California, in which students in grades 7-12 travel across the United States and parts of Canada. While following a conventional curriculum and learning about the areas visited, students also achieve personal development through the experience of living with classmates and staff members. (AEM)

Reviews and comments upon articles by Jane Loevinger and Robert Kegan devoted to self and ego. A spiral-process model of self-conception is offered as an elaboration of the processes that might be involved in equilibration. The clarifying purpose of theory should not be forgotten. A phenomenological perspective is presented. (Author/BEF)

Community houses play a significant role in adult education in New Zealand, but struggle with limited resources and marginal status. Their general aim is to create a sense of community based on positive self-development. (SK)

Discusses implications of the Downing and Roush (1985) feminist identity development model for feminist therapy with women. Describes potential pitfalls of feminist therapy and emergent issues at subsequent stages of client's identity development. Proposes research agenda for hypothesis testing of model when applied to therapy with women clients.…