Some mental health experts have suggested that particular subgroups of the chronic mentally ill may be especially vulnerable to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Patients with mood disorders (manic type), schizophrenia, and dual diagnosis of either disorder with substance abuse are considered at high risk for HIV infection, as are…

Reports that people who are predominantly left-handed apparently are able to withstand moderate brain damage with relatively few of the motor problems observed in right-handed victims of brain damage. Other brain-related differences between left- and right-handed individuals are also noted. (JN)

Presents a theory of cognitive processing in counseling. Describes a research paradigm that considers cognitive processes and attempts to link such processes to the interactive behaviors of counselors and clients and to client learning outcomes. Considers methodological and conceptual issues related to the operationalization of this cognitive…

Gazzaniga argues that without language right hemisphere cognition is vastly limited and that most normal right hemispheres have no language and only "rudimentary cognition." These assertion ignore important nonlinguistic observations, as well as findings with hemispheric sodium amytal anesthesia and laterality effects for complex cognitive tasks…

Proposes a reconceptualization of problems and processes of developmental group supervision as occurring in three different but interesting domains. Asserts that a more thorough understanding of developmental assumptions upon which supervision models are built will help to identify deficiencies in existing models and to facilitate development of…

Discusses evidence for experience-dependent reorganization of adult and developing brains, examining changes in the mature brain as a result of experience, reorganization in the developing brain, and mechanisms of change. The paper notes that there is general agreement that experience can have a profound effect on the organization of the brain.…

Comments on four articles in a special issue of the Journal of the Learning Sciences on methodology in learning sciences. Analyzes the articles within a general model seeking to analyze human activity across multiple time scales. (Author/MM)

Memory-based and constructionist processes have both been proposed as essential components of the activation of concepts (e.g., propositions) and the establishment of meaningful connections between concepts during reading. In this article, we argue that a comprehensive theory of reading comprehension should include both sets of processes. In…

In this article, we discuss 2 issues that we believe any theory of discourse comprehension has to take account of-accessing irrelevant information and granularity. Along the lines that have been suggested as demonstrating the memory-based account, we describe some work in favor of the recruitment of apparently irrelevant information from memory…

The author briefly demonstrates how poetry and other literary genres may be used to introduce students to logical discourse and reasoning methods, including how to construct syllogisms and the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning. (JL)

Addresses the mind/brain relationship in terms of scientific theory based on philosophical inquiry. Examines each of the proposed theories about mind/brain relationship--such as identity, dualism, interactionism, materialism, physicalism, and mentalism--not only in terms of logic, but also in terms of the database to which the theories refer. (PS)

Reviews literature on hemispheric specialization. Argues that foundations of hemispheric specialization are present very early in life and that children's greater ability to recover functions following brain injury suggests developmental changes in brain organization. (CMG)

Assesses an effort by E.P. Torrance and co-workers to introduce a test they claim is based on a model of cognitive style that relates creative processes to hemispheric dominance. Challenges Torrance's theories and research methods and asserts that a model relating left and right brain dominance to creativity has little value. (GC)

Discusses trends in the descriptive literature about children and the poor. Presents anecdotal material of children's spontaneous street play and analyzes cognitive skills exhibited in these situations. (Author/GC)

Examines Jean Piaget's theories on the laws of formal logic, and Johnson's claim that the law of noncontradiction is only descriptive of macroscopic objectives. Suggests Piaget and Johnson are wrong, since the possibility of saying anything significant and informative presupposes the law of noncontradiction is followed. (Author)