Reviews the role and the accomplishments of the United States Department of Labor in its 75 years of existence. Describes the department's establishment during an era of heavy union activity. Discusses changes in demographics of the labor force, conditions and standards, the work experience, and job placement. (CH)

The author describes the work done by preschool teachers. Topics covered include (1) nature of the work, (2) working conditions and earnings, (3) qualifications and advancement, (4) employment and outlook, and (5) related occupations. Sources of additional information are listed. (CH)

Efforts of corporations to limit or ban smoking in the workplace have been generally unsuccessful. This article reviews the most common antismoking programs, including education, counseling and incentives, and proscriptive rules and policies. A multidimensional, broad-based smoking cessation program is then described. (Author/TE)

The author reviews the social benefits and costs to South Asian women of technological advancement. Some women have experienced improved work environments due to technology, but the poorest women have either lost their jobs and not been trained to use the new technology, or their work has not been affected by it. (CH)

Educational innovation will succeed if it results in teacher professionalization that affects the way education occurs. Good educational innovation should focus on teachers as learners. The article discusses labor conditions as a basis for educational innovation, noting the importance of considering both school development and teacher…

Presents theories of motivation classified as those dealing either with exogenous causes or with endogenous processes. The following strategies for improving work motivation are discussed: (1) personal motives; (2) incentives and rewards; (3) reinforcement; (4) goal-setting techniques; (5) personal and material resources; (6) social and group…

This report presents a history and overview of the collective bargaining process and trade unions in the Federal Republic of Germany. Topics covered include the following: (1) social partners--trade unions and the employers' associations; (2) the history of free collective bargaining; (3) free collective bargaining after World War II; (4) the…

Recognizing the vulnerability of working children to possible exploitation and abuse, this report examines remunerated and unremunerated work performed by children worldwide, ranging from child labor in factories and agriculture to work conducted within the family household. Section 1 of the report describes the scale and importance of children's…