Chinese and Japanese immigrants to the United States and Canada have survived years of discrimination and oppression and today demonstrate academic and professional achievements that are often better than those of whites. However, the Asians continue to obtain higher scores on nonverbal/spatial tests than on verbal tests and tend to be…

This article addresses the question of why intelligence tests were put on trial. The courts had to weigh the validity of intelligence tests once California chose to rely upon intelligence tests to justify the large numbers of Black children in classes for the educable mentally retarded. (Author/CTM)