Japanese science/technology policies emphasize creative research management for strengthening breakthrough innovation. Key lessons include the following: cultivation of creative researchers, clear strategic directions, systematic teamwork and collaboration, focus on strategic industrial relevance, balance between autonomy and control, and the need…

This report provides comparisons of U.S. and Japanese science resources and some initial evidence that Japan is expanding the human and financial resources for science while improving the environment for basic research. The data cover science and technology trends in research and development from 1975 to 1994, as well as more recent changes in…

Examines the history and resurgence of machine translation, describing metalanguages and transfer languages as algorithms for transforming source languages into target languages and reviewing prospects for the future. Indicates that leadership in this field is held by Japan for both hardware and software development for Japanese/English…

Japan became a member of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 20 years ago. The two decades of Japan's partnership with this organization are reviewed. Economic, technological, industrial, and social aspects are considered. (JN)

An analysis of how the government can and cannot use research and development (R&D) policy to improve the nation's industrial posture suggests four guidelines for federal R&D policy. These guidelines are outlined and discussed. Areas analyzed include federal role; competition from Japan; support for university research, immigration policy,…

By using words transmitted and words attended to as common denominators, novel indexes were constructed of growth trends in 17 major communications media from 1960-1977. Findings from these indexes (intended to measure trends in the development of an information society) are presented as well as explanations for what has been found. (Author/JN)

The purpose of this report was to determine the changes that occurred from 1972 to 1976 in the field of Japanese study in the United States. The investigators compiled information from already published material and obtained data from questionnaires that were sent to all colleges and universities known to employ at least one specialist on Japan in…

Presentations at the September 1985 conference of the International Association of Consultants in Higher Education Institutions are reviewed. Activities related to university-industry cooperation for regional development in Japan and Massachusetts and at Stanford University and Queens University in Ireland are summarized. (MSE)

Describes the history of, and research activities and current problems at Tsukuba Science City, Japan's new municipal complex of research laboratories and educational facilities. About 30 percent of Japan's government research laboratories, as well as Tsukuba University, are located in the complex. (JN)