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Gorsky, Paul; Caspi, Avner – Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 2005
This investigation reviews published empirical studies that attempted to support or to validate transactional distance theory (Moore, 1993). It was found that either data only partially supported the theory or, that if they apparently did so, the studies lacked reliability, construct validity, or both. It was concluded that the basic propositions…
Descriptors: Distance Education, Construct Validity, Validity, Criticism