Many organizations utilize some form of automation in the test assembly process; either fully algorithmic or heuristically constructed. However, one issue with heuristic models is that when the test assembly problem changes the entire model may need to be re-conceptualized and recoded. In contrast, mixed-integer programming (MIP) is a mathematical…

In this article, a numerical method integrated with statistical data simulation technique is introduced to solve a nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations with multiple random variable coefficients. The utilization of Monte Carlo simulation with central divided difference formula of finite difference (FD) method is repeated n times to…

This paper discusses a proposal for exploration and verification of numerical and algebraic behavior correspondingly to Generalized Fibonacci model. Thus, it develops a special attention to the class of Fibonacci quaternions and Fibonacci octonions and with this assumption, the work indicates an investigative and epistemological route, with…

Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) has become one of the most prominent methods in the social sciences for capturing causal complexity, especially for scholars with small- and medium-"N" data sets. This research note explores two key assumptions in fsQCA's methodology for testing for necessary and sufficient…

Teaching and learning of mathematical modelling has become a key competence within school curricula and educational standards in many countries of the world. The term mathematical modelling, its meaning, and how it can be implemented in mathematics lessons have been intensively discussed during several Conferences of the European Society for…

A localist, parallel constraint satisfaction, artificial neural network model is presented that accounts for a broad collection of attitude and attitude-change phenomena. The network represents the attitude object and cognitions and beliefs related to the attitude, as well as how to integrate a persuasive message into this network. Short-term…

The solutions of the discrete logistic growth model based on a difference equation and the continuous logistic growth model based on a differential equation are compared and contrasted. The investigation is conducted using a dynamic interactive spreadsheet. (Contains 5 figures.)

This study analytically examined the multiple comparison procedures for testing a combined set of planned and post hoc comparisons. To establish a practical guideline, the following issues were investigated: (1) when the generalized sequentially rejective Bonferroni method (GSRB) is and is not applicable; (2) the required alpha levels for the GSRB…

Challenge studies can be used to see whether there is a causal relationship between an agent of interest and a response. An approach based on union-intersection testing is presented that allows researchers to examine observations on a single subject and test the hypothesis of interest. An application using psychological data is presented. (SLD)

Rowwise matrix correlation, based on the weighted sum of correlations between all pairs of corresponding rows of two proximity matrices, is discussed. Rowwise and columnwise indices are particularly suited for evaluating different types of conjectures of a similar pattern of entries across the two matrices. (SLD)

Conditional observed score (COS) and latent trait (LT) definitions of differential item functioning (DIF) are explored to determine when they are equivalent. COS methods rely solely on observed measurements, and LT methods model the response to an item as a function of an unobserved hypothetical latent ability or trait. For the case of dichotomous…

This paper presents two probabilistic models based on the logistic and the normal distribution for the analysis of dependencies in individual paired comparison judgments such as might occur in educational research. Three applications illustrate the approach. (SLD)

A Bayesian approach to the testing of competing covariance structures is developed. Approximate posterior probabilities are easily obtained from the chi square values and other known constants. The approach is illustrated using an example that demonstrates how the prior probabilities can alter results concerning the preferred model specification.…

A method is proposed for comparison of distinct partitions of the same set of n objects through a simple cross-product index defined between corresponding entries from two proximity matrices providing particular a priori codings of the within-class and between-class relationships for the partitions. (SLD)

Examines two models to study the consequences for coding efficiency of sample fluctuations, a specific type of error in the statistics on which data compression codes are based. The possibility that random fluctuation can be exploited for data compression is discussed. (six references) (KRN)