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Categorical Flexibility in Preschoolers: Contributions of Conceptual Knowledge and Executive Control
Blaye, Agnes; Jacques, Sophie – Developmental Science, 2009
The current study evaluated the relative roles of conceptual knowledge and executive control on the development of "categorical flexibility," the ability to switch between simultaneously available but conflicting categorical representations of an object. Experiment 1 assessed conceptual knowledge and executive control together; Experiment 2…
Descriptors: Concept Formation, Preschool Children, Cognitive Processes, Classification
Ruffman, Ted; Slade, Lance; Redman, Jessica – Cognition, 2005
Infants aged 3-5 months (mean of approximately 4 months) were given a novel anticipatory looking task to test object permanence understanding. They were trained to expect an experimenter to retrieve an object from behind a transparent screen upon hearing a cue (''Doors up, here comes the hand''). The experimenter then hid the object behind one of…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Infants, Object Permanence, Stimulation
Ruffman, Ted; Slade, Lance; Carlos Sandino, Juan; Fletcher, Amanda – Child Development, 2005
Eight- to 12-month-olds might make A-not-B errors, knowing the object is in B but searching at A because of ancillary (attention, inhibitory, or motor memory) deficits, or they might genuinely believe the object is in A (conceptual deficit). This study examined how diligently infants searched for a hidden object they never found. An object was…
Descriptors: Infants, Object Permanence, Inhibition, Error Patterns
Baillargeon, Renee – Developmental Science, 2004
Research over the past 20 years has revealed that even very young infants possess expectations about physical events, and that these expectations undergo significant developments during the first year of life. In this article, I first review some of this research, focusing on infants' expectations about occlusion, containment, and covering events,…
Descriptors: Object Permanence, Infants, Toddlers, Child Development