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Schoonen, Rob; van Gelderen, Amos; Stoel, Reinoud D.; Hulstijn, Jan; de Glopper, Kees – Language Learning, 2011
This longitudinal study investigates the development of writing proficiency in English as a foreign language (EFL), in contrast to the development of first language (L1) writing proficiency in Dutch L1, in a sample of almost 400 secondary school students in the Netherlands. Students performed several writing tasks in both languages in three…
Descriptors: Structural Equation Models, Second Language Learning, Metacognition, Foreign Countries
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van Gelderen, Amos; Oostdam, Ron; van Schooten, Erik – Language Learning, 2011
We report a classroom experiment directed at increasing lexical fluency in writing. Participants were 107 Dutch students in bilingual (EFL) education (Grades 10 and 11). According to current theories of writing such fluency allows writers to devote more attention to higher order aspects of text production, such as idea generation, selection and…
Descriptors: Writing (Composition), Control Groups, Second Language Learning, English (Second Language)
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Derwing, Tracey M.; Rossiter, Marian J.; Munro, Murray J.; Thomson, Ron I. – Language Learning, 2004
In this study we determined whether untrained raters' assessments of fluency in low-proficiency second language speech were related to temporal measures and whether they varied across tasks. We collected speech samples from 20 beginner Mandarin learners of English on picture description, monologue, and dialogue tasks. Temporal measures were made…
Descriptors: Language Fluency, English (Second Language), Pronunciation, Second Language Learning