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You Need to Know: There Is a Causal Relationship between Structural Knowledge and Control Performance in Complex Problem Solving Tasks
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Goode, Natassia; Beckmann, Jens F. – Intelligence, 2010
This study investigates the relationships between structural knowledge, control performance and fluid intelligence in a complex problem solving (CPS) task. 75 participants received either complete, partial or no information regarding the underlying structure of a complex problem solving task, and controlled the task to reach specific goals.…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Problem Solving, Thinking Skills, Knowledge Level
Cognitive Process Modeling of Spatial Ability: The Assembling Objects Task
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Ivie, Jennifer L.; Embretson, Susan E. – Intelligence, 2010
Spatial ability tasks appear on many intelligence and aptitude tests. Although the construct validity of spatial ability tests has often been studied through traditional correlational methods, such as factor analysis, less is known about the cognitive processes involved in solving test items. This study examines the cognitive processes involved in…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Cognitive Processes, Test Items, Construct Validity
On the Relationship between Fluid Intelligence, Gesture Production, and Brain Structure
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Wartenburger, Isabell; Kuhn, Esther; Sassenberg, Uta; Foth, Manja; Franz, Elizabeth A.; van der Meer, Elke – Intelligence, 2010
Individuals scoring high in fluid intelligence tasks generally perform very efficiently in problem solving tasks and analogical reasoning tasks presumably because they are able to select the task-relevant information very quickly and focus on a limited set of task-relevant cognitive operations. Moreover, individuals with high fluid intelligence…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Imagery, Scores
Identification of a Flynn Effect in the NLSY: Moving from the Center to the Boundaries
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Rodgers, Joseph Lee; Wanstrom, Linda – Intelligence, 2007
The Flynn Effect [Flynn, J. R. (1984). The mean IQ of Americans: Massive gains 1932 to 1978. Psychological Bulletin 95, 29-51.] is an increase in IQ of around 0.33 points per year, observed in developed (and some developing) countries during the past century. It emerges from problem solving and other non-verbal components of IQ. The cause has been…
Descriptors: Identification (Psychology), Intelligence Quotient, Children, Theories
Sex Differences in Mental Abilities: "g" Masks the Dimensions on Which They Lie
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Johnson, Wendy; Bouchard, Thomas J., Jr. – Intelligence, 2007
Empirical data suggest that there is at most a very small sex difference in general mental ability, but men clearly perform better on visuospatial tasks while women clearly perform better on tests of verbal usage and perceptual speed. In this study, we integrated these overall findings with predictions based on the Verbal-Perceptual-Rotation (VPR)…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Cognitive Ability, Visual Perception, Verbal Ability
Erroneous Interpretation of Difference Scores: Application to a Recent Example.
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Humphreys, Lloyd G. – Intelligence, 1990
The hypothesis that coping with novelty is a key aspect of intelligence is not supported by the data of Sternberg and Gastel. It is contended that these authors committed a common error by interpreting correlations involving difference scores without reference to the properties of the components of the difference. (SLD)
Descriptors: Coping, Correlation, Individual Differences, Intelligence