When responding to a writing task, writers spend a significant amount of their time not writing. These periods of physical inactivity, or pauses, during writing provide observable and measurable cues as to when, where, and how long writers halt to plan and/or revise their texts. Consequently, examining writers' pausing patterns can provide…

The study of human-computer interactions has revealed that highly interactive devices are often easier to learn to use than keyboard-based devices. Describes an integrated cognitive model designed to exhibit interactions between people and computers while learning task-action mappings such as the action sequences for opening a file in a word…