Various theories and models discuss how instructional designers can develop systems that allow learners to engage in problem-solving. To date, many of these theories and models that guide design often describe how learners engage in meaning-making within a situated context; however, they do not address strategies instructional designers can use to…

This paper examines current views and definitions of learning transfer as well as their dominant characteristics. An alterior way to view learning transfer as preparation for future learning (PFL) is presented along with its defining features. This paper is divided into five sections: (a) what comprises learning transfer, (b) the conventional…