Maintains that E. D. Hirsch's book, "Cultural Literacy," is based on an anthropological rather than a normative view of societies and, therefore, does not claim that one society is more cultured than another. Concludes that historical understanding or other forms of cultural literacy requires wider criteria of significance than Hirsch…

Empowerment is based on the viewpoint that power shared is power multiplied. It contributes to increased school effectiveness by providing people with the opportunity and necessary resources to understand and change their world. The interactive processes by which people empower each other and benefit from them are discussed in this report.…

Examines the relationship between indicators of collective identity (collective self-esteem, religious involvement, involvement in ethnic organizations) and prejudice towards the other group among Jewish and Arab college students. Collective identity variables largely were unrelated to prejudice among the Jewish students. Findings for the Arab…