Most analyses of reaction time (RT) data are conducted by using the statistical techniques with which psychologists are most familiar, such as analysis of variance on the sample mean. Unfortunately, these methods are usually inappropriate for RT data, because they have little power to detect genuine differences in RT between conditions. In…

Children personally construct explanations of natural phenomena, some of which differ from currently accepted scientific explanations. The replacement of personal explanations with scientific explanations, as well as the development of concrete, formal, and post-formal reasoning patterns, requires self-regulation in which alternative explanations…

Discusses the theoretical premises of two experiments in early second language teaching undertaken in Sweden, the first labelled "English without a book", the second, "English in the preparatory school". Analyzes results from the first experiment which led to the decision to begin English instruction as early as grade three.…