Synopses of the state of optometry and optometric education in nine foreign countries (Germany, Great Britain, Israel, Italy, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Philippines, and Sweden) look at training programs, licensing, facilities, and alternatives in optometric services. (MSE)

A written clinical simulation exercise known as patient management problems (PMP) developed by the National Board of Examiners in Optometry is discussed. The new PMP format is considered standardized in the sense that the "visible" portion of the problem will be identical. (MLW)

The present optometric education and licensing model, which includes the state boards, National Board, schools and colleges, Council on Optometric Education, and an external review committee, as well as future practitioners, is examined. Criticism of the challenge examination method is discussed in this context. (MSE)

A description of the optometry program at the Universidad Autonoma de la Laguna (Mexico) provides information on the composition of the faculty, design of the five-year program as compared with the traditional four-year program, curriculum content, clinical education, visiting lecturer program, and certification of graduates. (MSE)

Results of a national survey of optometry schools regarding state requirements for continuing education and the use of nonprint media are reported. Both traditional and highly sophisticated media are found in most subject areas, but computers are not used at all. The most common media are photographic slides, chalkboards, and overhead…

As the world economy continues to evolve, businesses and industries must adopt new practices and processes in order to survive. Quality and cost control, work teams and participatory management, and an infusion of technology are transforming the way people work and do business. Employees are now expected to read, write, and communicate…