This paper provides a summary of a novel and integrated way to think about the item response models (most often used in measurement applications in social science areas such as psychology, education, and especially testing of various kinds) from the viewpoint of the statistical theory of generalized linear and nonlinear mixed models. In addition,…

Based on the observation that scale-level methods are sometimes exclusively used to investigate measurement invariance for test translation, describes results of a simulation study investigating whether item-level differential item functioning (DIF) manifests itself in scale-level analyses such as single and multigroup factor analyses and per…

In this article, I describe a practical application of the Roussos and Stout (1996) multidimensional analysis framework for interpreting group performance differences on an ESL reading proficiency test. Although a variety of statistical methods have been developed for flagging test items that function differentially for equal ability examinees…