Publication Date
| In 2026 | 0 |
| Since 2025 | 0 |
| Since 2022 (last 5 years) | 1 |
| Since 2017 (last 10 years) | 1 |
| Since 2007 (last 20 years) | 1 |
Descriptor
Source
| Educational Researcher | 2 |
Publication Type
| Journal Articles | 2 |
| Reports - Descriptive | 2 |
Education Level
| Early Childhood Education | 1 |
| Elementary Education | 1 |
| Kindergarten | 1 |
| Primary Education | 1 |
Audience
Location
| California | 1 |
Laws, Policies, & Programs
Assessments and Surveys
What Works Clearinghouse Rating
Direct linkRobert M. Costrell – Educational Researcher, 2023
How are teacher pension benefits funded? Under traditional plans, the full cost of career teachers' benefits far exceeds the contributions designated for them. The gap between the two has three pieces, which may (with some license) be mnemonically tagged the three R's of pension funding: "redistribution," "return," and…
Descriptors: Risk, Retirement Benefits, Teaching (Occupation), Costs
Peer reviewedKirst, Michael W. – Educational Researcher, 1991
Heightened demand for testing is seen as a function of public skepticism regarding the quality of public education. Discusses developments and trends in the following areas: (1) minimum competency testing versus higher order skills testing; (2) kindergarten and first grade readiness testing; (3) portfolio-based assessment; and (4) teacher…
Descriptors: Accountability, Alternative Teacher Certification, Educational Assessment, Educational Innovation
