This paper focuses on the role of cognitive disequilibrium in preparing democratic educational leaders. Followers emerge into leaders with what are many times unconsciously socialized norms and values indigenous to their local culture. One of the roles of a democratic leadership preparation program is to challenge these unconsciously accepted…

Describes some of the basic concepts and terminology associated with second-generation instructional design (ID2), including knowledge acquisition and analysis, transaction analysis, and transaction authoring. An example is presented to illustrate how ID2 would apply in the development of a computer-based instructional program for learning how to…

The author describes the preparation, delivery, and evaluation of five teleconferencing sessions and draws out the lessons learned. She relates the findings to the literature on the topic. (JOW)

Discusses model-based simulation for training, explains an object-oriented approach, and describes RAPIDS, an authoring system for the production of interactive graphical models and instruction based on those models. Highlights include intelligent tutoring systems; transaction shells; tools for authoring models; and a course on retinal information…

This article describes functional communication training (FCT) with students who have autism. FCT involves teaching alternative communication strategies to replace problem behaviors. The article reviews the conditions under which this intervention is successful and compares the method with other behavioral approaches. It concludes that functional…

Presents a model for the effective transfer of skills from training programs to worksite implementation for instructional designers and corporate trainers involved in performance improvement. Strategies for use in pre-training, during training, and in posttraining are described that will ensure transfer of training. (Contains 21 references.) (LRW)

Reports on a seminar sponsored by the European Community that presented descriptions of projects involving the use of telecommunications for training and instruction via distance education. Topics discussed include the use of satellites, their cost effectiveness, computer-mediated communication (CMC), and further directions for the Commission of…

Provides a summary of research on the effectiveness of animation in computer-assisted learning, suggests guidelines and strategies for implementing animation for specific materials in both educational and training environments to assist instructional designers and developers, and includes examples for the strategies. (Contains 17 references.) (LRW)

To examine the characteristics and problems of training procedures for parents of handicapped children, the paper focuses on the rationale for parents as teachers, the effectiveness of different models of training procedures evident in early intervention programs, and the combination of factors (parents' motivation and needs, professional ability,…

Discusses the military's use of job aids to address the following problems: how to put more training into instructional programs without increasing course length; how to save training development time and money without sacrificing student achievement; how to reduce training products; and how to increase short- and long-term performance. (MBR)

Extensive empirical evidence exists to support the efficacy and utility of parent-mediated alternative procedures in behavior modification for handicapped and normal children with academic, social, and behavioral difficulties. Specific and general reservations are reviewed with considerations for the prescription and implementation of programs;…

Reviews early methods of formal training for library acquisitions, textbooks pertaining to the subject, and relevant library literature to provide a historical perspective on education for acquisitions. Strategies to provide basic and adequate training in acquisitions for all librarians are suggested. (49 references) (CLB)

Provides an overview of issues concerned with the design and use of computer-based simulations. Learning processes are discussed, and the SIMULATE project, which was developed to design an integrated set of authoring tools for the construction of an intelligent simulation learning environment (ISLE), is described. (15 references) (LRW)

Considers the role and effectiveness of virtual reality in simulation-based training. The theoretical and practical implications of verity, integration, and natural versus artificial interface are discussed; a three-dimensional classification scheme for virtual reality is described; and the relationship between virtual reality and other…

This article reviews the literature on interdisciplinary approaches to training infant specialists and discusses the challenges of implementing such programs. The Interdisciplinary Infant Intervention Program at Temple University (Pennsylvania) is described as an example of how these challenges can be met. Challenges identified include…