This paper introduces the concept of psychological androgyny to sociologists, examines the ways in which androgyny has been measured and operationally defined by psychologists, and reviews available research concerning the antecedents and correlates of androgyny. The results of original research conducted with 622 students at the University of Connecticut are reported. The findings indicate that level of identification of males with their mothers was positively related to their femininity, while for females, mothers' labor force participation had a positive effect on masculinity. Sex-role traits were significantly related to self-concept factors (self esteem, self concept, stability and personal efficacy). Significant relationship to family formation plans (ideal age for marriage and expected number of children) for both males and females and to the social and political attitudes of males were found. (Author)