Four types of developmental education programs have been designed to help students overcome or compensate for: (1) deficiencies in grades or subjects required for admission to a senior institution or to colleges and transfer programs (Pre-Transfer); (2) deficiencies in reading, writing, speech, arithmetic, study habits, motivation, and other…

The implementation of remedial education in the community college has become more urgent with the establishment of open admissions, as is demonstrated in this annotated bibliography. Types of students, their selection into remedial instruction, the experimentation in programs, methods of instruction, and indications of program effectiveness are…