Needs assessment almost always focuses on the assessment of change, change from the real to the ideal, present to future, actual to expected, and so on. As a result, most definitions of need can be represented by a mathematical-style change formula. However, most presentations of the concept of change do not completely represent the complexity of…

Presents a model, using mathematical formulas, to help educational planners and administrators with the problem of allocating limited resources for general and vocational education. (MLF)

Fuzzy set theory, a mathematical modeling technique that allows for the consideration of such factors as "professional expertise" in decision making, is discussed as a tool for use in libraries--specifically in collection management. The fundamentals of fuzzy set theory are introduced and a reference list is included. (JL)

Proposes a model of library output as an abstract quantity, and relates it to other components of library performance. The consequences of basing library funding on such measurable outputs as circulation are also examined in light of the proposed model. A 13-item reference list and four figures are provided. (JL)

The equity allocation model for multi-campus districts and/or large divisions is an attempt to rationally allocate expenditure appropriations among campuses or other college units. Typically, the program budget for a school district shows the budget in three dimensions: expenditure object (e.g., salaries, supplies, and contract services); program…

Develops an input-output model, with related multipliers, showing how changes in earmarked and discretionary educational funds (whether local, state, or federal) affect all of a state's districts and educational programs. Illustrates the model with Pennsylvania data and relates it to the usual educational finance approach, which uses demand…

Proposes a two-level decision model to evaluate educational programs by types of learners they generate as well as the utility and cost of the program. Decision rules based on the underlying requirement that each learner reach self-sufficiency are described. (Author/BK)