The Working lives of teachers and leaders (WLTL) is a longitudinal study intended to run for at least five years, up to 2026. It is intended to provide a representative picture of the experiences of teachers and leaders in state schools in England. The second wave was carried out in Spring 2023. The first wave was carried out in Spring 2022. The aim of the study is to examine issues around teacher supply, recruitment and retention in the school teaching and leadership workforce in England. The study is intended to help the DfE to design policies that better support teachers and leaders. Specifically, the study looks at in-school factors in recruitment and retention of teachers (e.g. pupil behaviour, pay and rewards, flexible working, workload, continuing professional development (CPD)) according to an intersection of variables such as phase, job role, subject area, length of service, gender, race/ethnic background. This technical report covers: (1) survey sampling; (2) questionnaire development; (3) mainstage fieldwork; (4) encouraging panel engagement; (5) data processing; and (6) survey weighting. It also includes the full survey questionnaire as an as appendix.