The purpose of this released exercise set is to provide easy access to some exercises from the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) second mathematics assessment, conducted in 1977-78. Part 1 of the text explains NAEP's assessment procedures and describes the documentation provided for the various kinds of exercises in the set. Part 2 describes rationales behind the development of the attitudinal and experience questions for the 1977-78 mathematics assessment. Part 3 describes the taxonomic and content classifications used to develop and report on cognitive exercises for the 1977-78 mathematics assessment. Part 4 presents the classification scheme used to develop the released items used to measure changes in performance. Included are the exercises that were developed and assessed in the 1972-73 mathematics assessment and reused in the 1977-78 assessment. Part 5 contains two types of cross-reference tables. The remainder of the publication consists of copies of released exercises and documentation for each exercise. Attitudinal and experience exercises compose Appendix A, followed by cognitive exercises developed for the 1977-78 assessment, in Appendix B, and the exercises measuring changes from the 1972-73 assessment of mathematics in Appendix C. (Author/MK) Primary type of information provided by report: Assessment Instrument (Released Exercises); Results (Exercise Level).