Chicano human resources have never been properly utilized in the labor markets of the Southwest. The slow rate of Chicano economic growth can be attributed to underdevelopment of their skills, knowledge and talent and underutilization of their energies and capabilities. This book, a factual presentation of that underdevelopment and underutilization, is structured into four parts. A section on statistical profiles deals with problems associated with census undercounting of the Spanish population and Chicano poverty, work attitudes, and social classes. The second section is concerned with labor market conditions, specifically labor market status, state differences, occupational changes, intergenerational experience, geographic mobility, employment representation by occupation and state, relative earnings, union experiences, and the labor market status of women. Part three discusses formal and nonformal education of Chicanos. Part four describes organization and politics, emphasizing Chicano manpower services, leadership, and organizations. A case study of a 1972 confrontation with the Department of Labor demonstrates the degree to which Chicanos have grown in the ability to articulate, organize and plan a public campaign. Implications for the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act are given and the final chapter identifies crucial weaknesses in employment counseling services and recommendation modifications to provide better counseling services to disadvantaged Chicanos. (DS)