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Deke, John; Wei, Thomas; Kautz, Tim – National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, 2017
Evaluators of education interventions are increasingly designing studies to detect impacts much smaller than the 0.20 standard deviations that Cohen (1988) characterized as "small." While the need to detect smaller impacts is based on compelling arguments that such impacts are substantively meaningful, the drive to detect smaller impacts…
Descriptors: Intervention, Educational Research, Research Problems, Statistical Bias
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Livingston, Samuel A.; Wingersky, Marilyn A. – Journal of Educational Measurement, 1979
Procedures are described for studying the reliability of decisions based on specific passing scores with tests made up of discrete items and designed to measure continuous rather than categorical traits. These procedures are based on the estimation of the joint distribution of true scores and observed scores. (CTM)
Descriptors: Cutting Scores, Decision Making, Efficiency, Error of Measurement