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Literacy in Southern Africa.
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Bhola, H. S. – Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 1991
This review covers the status of languages and literacy in the countries of southern Africa, policies of literacy promotion, and the emerging symbioses among spoken languages and among literacies in mother tongues, national or official languages, and metropolitan languages. Five statistical tables are included. (66 references) (LB)
Descriptors: Applied Linguistics, Definitions, Developing Nations, Foreign Countries
TIMSS 2011 International Results in Mathematics
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Mullis, Ina V. S.; Martin, Michael O.; Foy, Pierre; Arora, Alka – International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement, 2012
The "TIMSS 2011 International Results in Mathematics" summarizes fourth and eighth grade student achievement in each of the 63 countries and 14 benchmarking entities which participated in TIMSS 2011. The report includes trends in mathematics achievement over time for participants in the previous TIMSS 1995, 1999, 2003, and 2007…
Descriptors: Grade 4, Grade 8, Mathematics Instruction, Mathematics Achievement
TIMSS 2011 International Results in Science
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Martin, Michael O.; Mullis, Ina V. S.; Foy, Pierre; Stanco, Gabrielle M. – International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement, 2012
For more than 50 years, the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) has been conducting comparative studies of educational achievement in a number of curriculum areas, including mathematics and science. TIMSS 2011 represents the fifth cycle of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS),…
Descriptors: Science Achievement, Comparative Education, Educational Trends, Trend Analysis