Second-order covariation is a form of mathematical reasoning that needs to be characterized both concerning students' cognitive processes and the design of tasks that promote it. This contribution aims to shed light on these two issues by comparing data related to the same learning experiment performed in two different learning environments:…

In this series of experiments, we tested the limits of young infants' word learning and generalization abilities in light of recent findings reporting sophisticated word learning abilities in the first year of life. Ten-month-old infants were trained with two word-object pairs and tested with either the same or different members of the…

The present study examines the effect of activating the connection between meaning and phonology in spelling exercises in second-grade spellers (n=41; 8 years and 3 months). In computer-based exercises in a within-subject design, semantic and neutral descriptions were contrasted and provided either before the process of spelling or in feedback.…

Artificial neural networks (ANN), part of artificial intelligence, are discussed. Such networks are fed sample cases (training sets), learn how to recognize patterns in the sample data, and use this experience in handling new cases. Two cognitive roles for ANNs (intelligent filters and spreading, associative memories) are examined. Prototypes…

Eight reading-disabled boys with subskill deficits in either oral reading, associative skills, or sequential skills received skill specific computer-assisted instruction emphasizing accuracy and speed of response for two and a half months. Comparison with controls indicated marked improvement which generalized to achievement measures of word…

Describes the development of a computer-based learning courseware that presented associative learning between abstract and concrete domains and discusses results of a study of college students that determined whether various audio-visual combinations and differences in IQ levels influenced learning and long-term retention using the courseware.…

Discussion of supportive text in hypermedia programs focuses on the motivational aspects of supportive text for young users. An example using the historical novel "Johnny Tremain," by Esther Forbes, is used to show how motivationally supportive text can encourage associative learning and show cross-disciplinary linkages of ideas and…

Describes a multimedia program in associative learning, on CD-ROM, available for Macintosh computers. Expands on the rationale behind the program's design, the process of production, and the structure of the program and lessons. Reports on results of student performance on tests as a measure of the program' effectiveness. (DSK)

Explores the possibilities of students using the computer as an invention tool as part of their second-language learning. Students studying English as a second language created associative poems and prose using computer-based tools; they were then asked to reflect upon the relationship between the creative process in which they engaged and the…