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The Flynn Effect in Sibships: Investigating the Role of Age Differences between Siblings
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Sundet, Jon Martin; Eriksen, Willy; Borren, Ingrid; Tambs, Kristian – Intelligence, 2010
The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the Flynn effect and the effects of age differences between siblings on the intelligence difference between them. In Norway, the secular trends in intelligence-test score means vary both in magnitude and direction. We identified three periods: one period where the mean intelligence…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Siblings, Intelligence Quotient, Birth Order
One Justified Criticism Plus Three Flawed Analyses Equals Two Unwarranted Conclusions: A Reply to Retherford and Sewell.
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Zajonc, R. B.; And Others – American Sociological Review, 1991
Responds to "Birth Order and Intelligence: Further Tests of the Confluence Model" by Robert D. Retherford and William H. Sewell. Reviews their arguments and suggests that their analyses of the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study data support rather than contradict the model. (CJS)
Descriptors: Birth Order, Intelligence Differences, Longitudinal Studies, Mathematical Models
Does Contiguity Breed Similarity? A Within-Family Analysis of Nonshared Sources of IQ Differences between Siblings.
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Rodgers, Joseph Lee; Rowe, David C. – Developmental Psychology, 1985
Examines the contiguity of siblings within family structure--a concept reflecting how much of the family environment siblings share with one another--in relation to within family IQ scores. Results fail to demonstrate family structure effects. (HOD)
Descriptors: Birth Order, Family Environment, Family Relationship, Family Structure
Birth Order, Age-Spacing, IQ Differences, and Family Relations.
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Pfouts, Jane H. – Journal of Marriage and the Family, 1980
Very close age spacing was an obstacle to high academic performance for later borns. In family relations and self-esteem, first borns scored better and performed in school as well as their potentially much more able younger siblings, regardless of age spacing. (Author)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Age Differences, Birth Order, Family Influence
Individual Differences in Intelligence: A Reappraisal of the Confluence Model.
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Galbraith, Richard C. – Intelligence, 1983
Support for the confluence model of intellectual development has come from analyses of family size-birth order means of large aggregate data sets. Analyses of individual scores do not substantiate the confluence model, as explained variance is markedly reduced. The study of family interaction variables utilizing longitudinal data is recommended.…
Descriptors: Birth Order, Environmental Influences, Family Influence, Family Size
Evaluation of Confluence Model Variables on IQ and Achievement Test Scores in a Sample of 6- to 11-Year-Old Children.
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Svanum, Soren; Bringle, Robert G. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 1980
The confluence model of cognitive development was tested on 7,060 children. Family size, sibling order within family sizes, and hypothesized age-dependent effects were tested. Findings indicated an inverse relationship between family size and the cognitive measures; age-dependent effects and other confluence variables were found to be…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Age Differences, Birth Order, Cognitive Development
Birth Order and Intelligence: Further Tests of the Confluence Model.
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Retherford, Robert D.; Sewell, William H. – American Sociological Review, 1991
Confluence theory was developed to explain the negative effects of birth order on intelligence. Using aggregate, between-family, within-family, and paired-sibling data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, tests the mathematical form of confluence theory and finds no support for it. Suggests that statistical methods used to fit the model to the…
Descriptors: Birth Order, Goodness of Fit, Intelligence Differences, Intelligence Quotient