School psychologists who work in rural areas face difficult problems because of the setting in which they practice. Traditional models for delivering psychological services in urban and suburban schools are not typically generalizable to rural service delivery. Rural school districts tend to be closed and rigid, reflecting the nature of the…

Prepared as a basic background document for an interagency task force on youth employment, this report analyzes youth employment policies and programs for the 1980s. The main body of the report consists of three sections. Section 1, entitled "Policy Perspectives on the Youth Employment Problem," contains a discussion of pathways to…

The new demands being placed on the rural land base--for agricultural production, for energy and minerals, as well as for economic development--are considerable, and rural areas today face the difficult challenge of finding ways to accommodate new growth and development, while at the same time ensuring that essential activities and the inherent…

North Carolina created the State Migrant Parent Advisory Committee (PAC) in response to federal regulations regarding the establishment, membership, and function of PACs at the state and local level, and in order to consider the views of migrant parents regarding the planning, operation, and evaluation of the migrant education program. State and…

The report analyzes policy issues in the education of bilingual exceptional students. Chapter 1 provides a historical review of the question, including overviews of litigation and legislation and findings regarding the effectiveness of bilingual education. Significant issues are considered in Chapter 2, including programmatic options, removable…

This review of technical education research and development examines the literature, highlights the applications of research and development, and establishes priorities for future research and development. It is also designed to provide relevant information on definitions and sources pertaining to technical education so that the novice in the…

Intended to help educators create defensible, differentiated programs for the gifted, the paper analyzes the rationale for such programs and discusses program planning aspects. The following topics are addressed: the need for conceptualization of different programs for the gifted; suggested program goals; program prototypes; curricula for gifted…

The effectiveness of instructional development evaluation programs is assessed. It is suggested that although it is a basic tenet in instructional development that teaching improvement is closely linked to effective evaluation, it is ironical that most instructional development programs have themselves been evaluated only superficially, if at all.…

The purpose of this research brief is to summarize the literature on research conducted with at-risk students. Emerging from the research are three central groups of factors that are characteristic of at-risk students: (1) social and family background; (2) personal problems; and (3) school factors. In spite of the presence of several risk factors,…

This Resources for Welfare Decisions highlights publications that offer guidance on developing youth systems under the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 (WIA). An introductory section discusses the changes WIA made to youth services; the opportunities and challenges these changes created for Youth Councils and youth service providers; states' role…

This survey takes a best-practices approach to several major issues involving graduate certificate programs; these include: (1) leadership (whether the graduate school should administer certificate programs, state regulation, procedures for approving new programs, impact on student diversity, and terminology); (2) management (whether certificate…

Presents an account of the development of school psychology from 1952 to the present, as viewed through the author's personal experiences. Includes graduate school's influence, counselor training, and beyond the university. Notes implications for the future, and offers a conception of what school psychology is, or should be. (Author/JAC)

In order to build programs that embrace social and cultural diversity, educators must understand the perspectives of people of color and how agencies unwittingly create systematic barriers to program access through stigmatization and marginalization. Identifies strategies that decrease the stigmatizing process and foster greater accessibility of…

This article reviews the rationales and premises of the Developmentally Appropriate Practice (DAP) approach and early childhood special education (ECSE), highlighting areas of overlap. DAP's insufficiencies for planning, implementing, and evaluating ECSE programs are noted. A selective literature review clarifies issues separating the two areas,…

Describes factors contributing to 1980s expansion of adult vocational education (AE) and training in Europe, reviewing demographic, economic, political, and social factors. Discusses ramifications of emerging decentralization in educational decision making. Examines potential conflict between emphasis on economic and labor market objectives of AE…