An analysis based on an extensive review of the scientific and popular literature indicates that memory enhancement techniques (mnemotechnics) can be used to increase the effectiveness of military training. An overview of the most common memory enhancement techniques provides background for an assessment of the general utility of such techniques…

This paper focuses on the role of cognitive disequilibrium in preparing democratic educational leaders. Followers emerge into leaders with what are many times unconsciously socialized norms and values indigenous to their local culture. One of the roles of a democratic leadership preparation program is to challenge these unconsciously accepted…

Introduction: Sharing of information across cultural boundaries does not always live up to expectations. Information behaviour is an underlying factor, which can contribute to poor use or non-use of the information or information services at the disposal of indigenous people in a development context. Method: A literature study of information…

The authors review recreation/leisure training programs conducted with moderately/severely disabled individuals. Emphasis is placed on databased task-analytic, instructional efforts and recent curriculum volumes/position papers. Programing implications include the value of task sequences involving gradual increments in response requirements.…

The paper surveys the use of electric shock with persons diagnosed as primarily mentally retarded and substantiates findings of positive effects, including response generalisation, increased sociability, and positive emotional behaviors. Ethical considerations relating to physical danger and choice of target behaviour are discussed briefly.…

Discusses ways to devise training methods to improve students' learning abilities, specifically in rote recall, evaluation of the learning task, summarization, and learning from the text. (EF)

Describes an empirical study that was conducted to examine the performance of expert search intermediaries from Chemical Abstracts Service. Highlights include subject-independent and subject-dependent expertise; a model of the use of subject-specific knowledge; and implications for computerized intermediary systems and for training human…

This Support Document was produced by the authors based on their research for the report, "Investigating Learning through Work: The Development of the 'Provider Learning Environment Scale'" (ED503392). While couched in very different terms, the analysis presented in this report points to a substantial overlap in the conceptual bases that…

Changes in the postindustrial era are forcing people to rethink goals, strategies for working, and how they organize to accomplish these aims. Innovations can reshape staff development programs, For some organizations, these times offer opportunities for "training not as usual." (JOW)

Reviews and critiques existing research on the effects of training design, trainee, and work environment factors on conditions of transfer of training. Identifies research gaps including needs to test various operationalizations of training impact on transfer and to develop framework for conducting research on effects of trainee characteristics on…

This paper focuses on integrating "educational" and "training" approaches in the Communication Training and Development classroom. The paper discusses distinctions between the two approaches and the implications for instructors of the course. It offers 10 concrete suggestions for navigating between communication…

The article reviews various therapies for hyperactivity including pharmacological and behavioral therapies. The heterogeneous nature of this population suggests that punishment procedures used as part of a behavioral management intervention may be effective in establishing responsible behavior and warrant more research. (Author/DB)

Describes some of the basic concepts and terminology associated with second-generation instructional design (ID2), including knowledge acquisition and analysis, transaction analysis, and transaction authoring. An example is presented to illustrate how ID2 would apply in the development of a computer-based instructional program for learning how to…

Reviews four domains of research in adolescent suicide: (1) the role of psychopathology; (2) family history of psychopathology; (3) mental health treatments; and (4) firearms in homes. Recommendations include: better training for professionals, better delivery of mental health treatments, policy changes of better mental health screening and…

Presents a response to the six articles on training in counseling psychology in this issue of "The Counseling Psychologist" (2000). Suggests that counseling psychologists rethink their training programs and create new visions of training as knowledge, expertise, and job market expectations change. Argues that it is essential to maintain the core…