Describes the history of education and the movement towards a holistic curriculum. Encouraging signs include increased communication and problem solving, movement education, and centering. Needs and barriers are listed. A fairy tale concludes the article. (BEF)

Explores inconsistent findings in earlier brainstorming research. Indicates that variation in the number of high and low apprehensive communicators assigned to a brainstorming group affects member productivity, perceptions of status differentiation, and satisfaction with the group. Supports the conclusion that communication predispositions and…

Suggests that the time has come to create new indicators of political efficacy (the feeling that an individual political action has an actual or potential impact on the political process). Shortcomings of existing indicators are pointed out and a new problem-solving efficacy scale is described. (DB)

Reviews various meanings of values and the authors' preferred distinction between terminal and instrumental values. A case illustration describes the usefulness of the Rokeach Value Survey. Research on the value survey is reviewed. C. Gilbert Wrenn gives his personal reactions. (Author)

Draws together central research on scientific problem solving and scientific documentation from a number of fields and demonstrates its latent potential for a general theory of citing. Examines the interdisciplinary field of diffusion research and empirical composition studies dealing with the act of citing. Concludes with a preliminary outline of…

Considers how peoples' creative problem-solving efforts are influenced by organizational characteristics. Examines the situations which call for creative problem solving at work and describes the kinds of processes people must apply to solve these problems. Reviews organizational variables that help or hinder these processes. (Author/CR)

Teaching novice kayakers only the biomechanics of a roll and other "closed" (nonadaptable) skills does not create opportunities for flexible skill development. A wider approach teaches support strokes and rolls by focusing on "open" skills that can be transferred or adapted to any situation, including emergency decision making,…

Discusses the reliability and validity of the treatment decisions psychologists make. Presents research in this area. Asserts that in order to organize future research and the development of effective treatment practices, the technical adequacy of the professional decision-making process requires scrutiny. Provides guidelines for evaluating the…

To examine the relationships buffers may have with suicide ideation, 300 African American female college students completed measures of suicide ideation and buffers. Three variables accounted for a significant and unique portion of the variance in suicide ideation: family support, a view that suicide is unacceptable, and a collaborative religious…

Explores the effects of previous exposure to the Reach Out to Schools: Social Competency Program (SCP) on the middle school adjustment of sixth grade students. SCP is designed to teach children social skills to help them to communicate better, solve problems and build stronger relationships. Results show associations between program exposure and…

A review of research and theory on cognitive processes and their relationship to instructional technique since the early 1970s looks at the contributions of schema theory and artificial intelligence and their instructional implications, including cognitive load theory, worked examples for learning problem solving, and physical vs. mental…

This review shows that mentally retarded children can produce problem-solving strategies if they comprehend the task requirements, share the experimenter's goal, and construct an optimal problem-solving representation. Instruction with multiple exemplars of a task can induce generalized strategy use, and nonvolitional mechanisms play a role in use…

Reviews current research topics relating to computer simulations in German-speaking countries that emphasize problem solving and decision making. Topics discussed include the number of independent variables; studies that focus on personality characteristics; studies that focus on situational characteristics; and suggestions for further research…

Reviews five books on developmentally appropriate teaching, and two volumes from a series on an interpersonal cognitive problem-solving program. (HTH)

This paper examines cognitive capacities and dispositional characteristics that contribute to creative problem solving, including relationship generation skills, expertise, adaptability, and wisdom. The paper argues that programs for gifted and talented students should develop the beliefs, values, and motives that will encourage students to apply…