Discussion of the use of computer-assisted instruction in distance education focuses on computer-assisted language learning (CALL). Topics discussed include computer-managed instruction (CMI); computer-aided learning (CAL); computer conferencing; the current status of CALL hardware; computer-assisted tests; summative evaluation; and theories of…

This final report describes a general purpose system for developing intelligent tutors based on the Structural Learning Theory. The report opens with a discussion of the rules and related constructs that underlie cognitive constructs in all structural learning theories. The remainder of the text provides: (1) an introduction to the Structural…

This update on computer technology--as it affects learning assistance directors and developmental education personnel--begins by reporting on new developments and changes that have taken place during the past two years in five areas: (1) hardware (microcomputer systems, low cost PC clones, combination Apple/PC machines, lab computer controllers…

Two varieties of user-friendly computer systems that deal with natural language are now available, providing either at-the-monitor stylistic and grammatic correction of keyed-in writing or a sorting, selecting, and generating of statistical data for any written or spoken document. The editor programs, such as "The Writer's Workbench"…

This paper, presented at a symposium on computer-based instructional systems, discusses innovations in the TICCIT computer-based instructional system. Specific issues addressed include innovations in the system's authoring languages, integration of videodisc technology, instructional management systems, creation of color computer graphics using a…

This paper offers an historical perspective as to why teachers may be reluctant to accept new technologies, and what might persuade them to use computers in their classrooms. The analysis also suggests some methods for minimizing the inhibiting factors and maximizing the acceptance of computers in elementary and secondary school settings.…

This survey conducted for the National Institute of Education reports the use of computers in U.S. public schools in the areas of instructional computing, student accounting, management of educational resources, research, guidance, testing, and library applications. From a stratified random sample of 1800 schools in varying geographic areas and…

Although there are three main computer-assisted instruction (CAI) formats (drill and practice, simulation, and tutorial), tutorial format is particularly suitable to conceptual school subjects because this format: (1) explains the concept of the text; (2) tests the understanding of the topic; and (3) selects the next step of the subject. When a…

Discusses four modes in which computer assisted learning can be provided and analyzes the relationship between these modes and the types of client groups likely to employ computer assisted learning (CAL). Prepackaged CAI/CMI, auto-elaborative CAI, personally guided small group CAI, and gated cooperatively elaborated CAI are described. (JL)

Examines the history of computer-based education within the context of psychological theorists of instruction, including Pressey, Thorndike, Skinner, and Crowder. Topics discussed include computer-managed instruction; computer-assisted instruction; the Computer Curriculum Corporation; PLATO; TICCIT; microcomputers; effects on students; and cost…

The paper examines implications of the application of computer expert systems in the field of education, particularly special education. The development of expert systems in general is reviewed as are its applications in education as intelligent tutoring systems and in special education in the areas of student classification, teacher education,…

This document provides information on the use of information technology (IT) to assist in educational management and administration, considers where future developments may lead, and provides definitions of IT and its elements--information handling, communications technology, and information transformation. The involvement of the Council for…

Issues related to the illegal copying or piracy of educational software in the schools and its potential effect on quality software availability are discussed. Copyright violation is examined as a reason some software producers may be abandoning the school software market. An explanation of what the copyright allows and prohibits in terms of…

This paper examines various uses of new technologies in open learning, including methods of electronic delivery and computer assisted and managed learning, and contrasts their specific applications in the areas of administration, delivery of materials, production of materials, student support, and presentation of the materials. New technologies…

This report describes the results of a theoretical analysis of the ideal role functions of the Computer Managed Instruction (CMI) instructor. Concepts relevant to instructor behavior are synthesized from both cognitive and operant learning theory perspectives, and the roles allocated to instructors by seven large-scale operational CMI systems are…