Discusses orientation of present educational and training systems toward preparing individuals for specific jobs; outlines disadvantages of this approach relative to current employment trends; and describes an alternative training approach, the assembly model, which identifies similarities among jobs so that skills learned in one field can be…

Physical educators must teach preadolescents about safe and realistic strength-training methods commensurate with their needs and physical capabilities. The risk of injuries can be reduced by setting prudent goals, using equipment tailored to the age level, and educating students about their unique growth state. (PP)

Probably, no one "best" model for training teachers in computer literacy will emerge; consequently, staff developers should be familiar with various approaches and apply what they already know about effective staff development to this area. Questions are raised about program objectives, reallocation of resources, training methods, and long-term…

Examines the literature on group instruction that provides the foundation for instructional models proposed by recognized authorities in the field and based on professional association standards. Suggests ways both for translating this knowledge into effective training strategies and for maximizing instruction at the university level. (RJM)

Research on language intervention in the natural environment was reviewed in relation to the variables of context, analysis of communicative behaviors, and intervention strategies. Intervention strategies described include naturally occurring opportunities, skill cluster training, interrupted behavior chain strategy, and milieu training.…

Reviews the literature in the area of cognitive psychology that is relevant to training for transfer of skills. The roles of models, schema, and principles in transfer are discussed, the way in which examples facilitate schema acquisition is summarized, and the relation of schema to procedural and discovery learning is outlined. (43 references)…

Reviews the literature on management development and summarizes results of a survey of human resources development (HRD) professionals' perceptions about management development practices. Topics discussed include identifying management development needs; strategic business plans, succession plans, and individual development plans; frequency and…

Discussion of computer-related anxiety and stress focuses on how management, system designers, and technical communicators can help users relieve stress when using computers. Highlights include a review of relevant research; issues for management; systems design, including needs assessment and standards; and instructional design, including…

Explores ways in which senior academic librarians contribute to the long-term educational, professional, collegial, and career development of entry-level reference librarians. Literature on reference training is reviewed; and four roles of senior librarians are described, including teacher, advisor, interpersonal role model, and mentor. (Contains…

This review analyzes data-based studies dealing with self-management procedures (self-monitoring, self-evaluation, self-reinforcement, and self-instruction) used by individuals with mental retardation in public school settings. Although support is found for the positive effects of self-management, questions regarding efficient implementation of…

Discusses the current state of distance education in the United Kingdom and Europe. Highlights include the Open University; Open Tech, for training and vocational development to aid in economic restructuring; government's role; Open College; Open Polytechnic; Open College of the Arts; Open School, for children; and the meaning of open learning.…

Discussion of the implications of expert systems technology for decision support in special education uses examples from a programmatic line of research and development at Utah State University. Topics discussed include an explanation of expert systems, their effectiveness, and their roles in training, knowledge clarification, and progressive…

A review of nine studies on the efficacy of metacognitive interpersonal problem-solving training with students who have learning and behavior problems found demonstrated cognitive gains but less success in demonstrating that such gains were subsequently applied to actual behavior or generalized to other social behavior. (DB)

Describes the Instructional Design Environment (IDE), a hypermedia system for designing and developing instructional material, including texts, interactive video disks, and intelligent tutoring systems. Highlights include the problem-solving nature of instructional design; other computer-based systems for instructional design; and the use of IDE…

This review of behavioral research on teaching individuals with profound multiple handicaps found that behavior change has resulted from contingency management interventions, but the behavior changes cannot be described as beneficially affecting the individuals' quality of life. Explanations for this are offered, and suggestions for future…