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Peer reviewedBarnett, W. Steven – American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 1986
The use of intelligence quotient alone for defining mental retardation is inappropriate and potentially harmful when applied to individuals or used to formulate public policy. An alternative conceptual framework for defining mental retardation within the context of interactions between an individual's characteristics and the demands of the social…
Descriptors: Adaptive Behavior (of Disabled), Clinical Diagnosis, Definitions, Disability Identification
Peer reviewedPrice, J. R.; And Others – Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 1987
Assessment of nonvisual neuropsychological impairments in visually impaired persons can be achieved through modification of existing intelligence, memory, sensory-motor, personality, language, and achievement tests so that they do not require vision or penalize visually impaired persons. The Halstead-Reitan and Luria-Nebraska neuropsychological…
Descriptors: Clinical Diagnosis, Disability Identification, Evaluation Methods, Neurological Impairments
Peer reviewedBeckman, Paula J.; Burke, Philip J. – Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 1984
An overview of early childhood special education focuses on the role of early experiences, research on effectiveness of early intervention, identification, assessment, intervention strategies, involvement of parents and families, integration, and personnel preparation. The complexity of issues in each area is stressed. (CL)
Descriptors: Disabilities, Disability Identification, Early Childhood Education, Intervention
Lyon, G. Reid – Learning Disabilities Focus, 1985
Current literature on identification and instructional remediation of subtypes of learning-disabled readers (LDR) are reviewed. Preliminary findings suggest that not all LDR children manifest the same oral language, memory, and perceptual deficits that impede decoding accuracy and efficiency and all do not respond equally well (or poorly) to the…
Descriptors: Disability Identification, Elementary Secondary Education, Learning Disabilities, Learning Processes
Peer reviewedHanna, Gerald S.; And Others – Learning Disability Quarterly, 1979
The article reviews the literature on the quantification of achievement-aptitude differences in learning disabled students, outlines and discusses criteria for new and more adequate procedures, and presents step-by-step procedures that can be routinely followed. (Author/DLS)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Academic Aptitude, Children, Disability Identification
Peer reviewedAllen, Scotty Tucker – Montessori Life, 1997
Argues that denial of Attention Deficit Disorder's existence is harmful to those afflicted and that understanding the disorder will assist sufferers in putting their intelligence to work. Describes symptoms such as hyperfocus on tasks, daydreaming, disarray, and forgetfulness. Explains away myths, including that the disorder is curable or will be…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Disorders, Disability Identification, Early Childhood Education, Individualized Instruction
Peer reviewedBusch-Rossnagel, Nancy – Infants and Young Children, 1997
Presents the theoretical background for the concept of mastery motivation and describes three characteristics of mastery motivation in toddlers: behavioral manifestations in multiple domains, developmental changes in those manifestations, and the influence of the socializing environment. Implications for assessment of individual differences and…
Descriptors: Child Behavior, Child Development, Disabilities, Disability Identification
Peer reviewedSalend, Spencer J.; Rohena, Elba – Intervention in School and Clinic, 2003
This article provides the American Psychiatric Association's definition of attention deficit disorder (ADD) and then gives an overview of ADD by considering the three types of ADD, the developmental impact of ADD, factors contributing to ADD, identification and assessment of students with ADD (emphasizing multimethod and consideration of…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Disorders, Classification, Definitions, Disability Identification
Peer reviewedCourchesne, Eric – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1995
In a study by Toshiaki Hashimoto and colleagues (EC 611 142), 10 infants with developmental delay, poor eye contact, and poor facial expression underwent magnetic resonance brain imaging and were later diagnosed with autism. This offered direct evidence of abnormality of the cerebellar vermis and the brainstem at the beginning stages of behavioral…
Descriptors: Age, Anatomy, Autism, Child Development
Peer reviewedLockwood, Sharon L. – Infants and Young Children, 1994
This article addresses the continuity from early speech-language delays to later learning problems in school and recommends use of "language organization disorder" to describe the delay. Chronologies of the difficulties and methods for early detection are provided. A table summarizes 11 research studies on early language delays and later reading…
Descriptors: Classification, Delayed Speech, Disability Identification, Early Identification
Peer reviewedEinfield, Stewart L.; Hall, Wayne – Australia and New Zealand Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 1994
Research in the field of developmental disabilities has found direct links between severity of a personality trait or psychopathology and particular pathology of the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). From studies of behavior phenotypes, new psychiatric disorders are being recognized, such as Williams syndrome. The formulation of valid behavior…
Descriptors: Classification, Clinical Diagnosis, Developmental Disabilities, Disability Identification
Peer reviewedYoung, Alys; Andrews, Elizabeth – Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 2001
A review of the literature reporting effects on parents of universal neonatal hearing screening (UNHS) focuses on debates surrounding false positive identification, the evidence base for maternal/parental anxiety, consent, and family cultural/sociodemographic influences on the effective implementation of the UNHS programs, especially the pilot…
Descriptors: Auditory Tests, Disability Identification, Family Attitudes, Family Influence
Peer reviewedBaroff, George S. – Mental Retardation, 1999
This article discusses using the term "general learning disorder" instead of "mental retardation." It addresses the offensiveness of the current label, discusses ingredients needed in a more appropriate diagnostic term, and offers a proposed grouping of developmental disabilities based on cognitive ability, language ability, physical ability, and…
Descriptors: Adults, Children, Classification, Clinical Diagnosis
Peer reviewedFilipek, Pauline A.; Accardo, Pasquale J.; Baranek, Grace T.; Cook, Edwin H., Jr.; Dawson, Geraldine; Gordon, Barry; Gravel, Judith S.; Johnson, Chris P.; Kallen, Ronald J.; Levy, Susan E.; Minshew, Nancy J.; Prizant, Barry M.; Rapin, Isabelle; Rogers, Sally J.; Stone, Wendy L.; Teplin, Stuart; Tuchman, Roberto F.; Volkmar, Fred R. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1999
This paper presents detailed recommendations for diagnosis of autism established by a multidisciplinary panel of the Child Neurology Society and the American Academy of Neurology. The paper offers dual-level (general development and specific symptoms) guidelines for diagnosis of autistic disorder, Asperger disorder, childhood disintegrative…
Descriptors: Autism, Clinical Diagnosis, Disability Identification, Early Identification
Peer reviewedFletcher, Jack M.; Francis, David J.; Shaywitz, Sally E.; Lyon, G. Reid; Foorman, Barbara R.; Stuebing, Karla K.; Shaywitz, Bennett A. – Learning Disabilities Research and Practice, 1998
Reviews the historical basis and rationale for identifying children as learning disabled due to a discrepancy between scores on measures of intelligence and achievement. Discusses the validity of such classifications and the role of IQ testing in the designation of children as learning disabled for research and public policy. Alternative…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Classification, Definitions, Disability Identification
