Purpose: Problem-based learning (PBL) promotes student-centered, active learning and has been applied in many health disciplines, including speech-language pathology (SLP). There is some SLP literature outlining how PBL has been applied and its components, however, how PBL is applied across SLP programs worldwide is yet to be explored. We…

Coping in adult learning-based environments is a relevant phenomenon because stressful experiences are inevitable at times. Three main types of coping strategies are distinguished to either solve the problem (problem-focused coping), avoid the problem (avoidance coping), or reduce anxiety and other negative emotions (emotion-focused coping) in…

The author in this paper critically reviews recent literature on international student language and adjustment to Western Anglophone universities. Two streams of research are discussed: the problem-solving approach guided largely by positivist epistemologies and quantitative methodologies contrasted to the post-structuralist language and identity…

Suggests secondary parasuicide prevention is the most viable path for future research. Aggressive case findings and primary prevention approaches have failed to reduce suicide attempt rates. A secondary prevention model, based on factors predictive of parasuicide, was developed. Stress reduction and cognitive restructuring were primary goals of…

Four major domains of research are underscored: family response to nonnormative events (e.g., wars, disasters, illness); response to normative transitions over the life span (e.g., parenthood, retirement); the importance of psychological resources and perceptions; and the importance of social support and coping with stress. (Author)

Reports on a psychoeducational workshop, a structured procedure for making socially responsible choices. Goal of the workshop is to reduce criminal recidivism by broadening the participants' ethical views and teaching them new skills for coping more effectively with life's everyday problems. Suggests guidelines for implementing group. (Author/JDM)

A school functions as a stress-reduction agency when it: (1) provides students with information and skills they will need to solve threatening problems they will meet in life and (2) creates an environment that allows staff to feel they are helping students. Physical reactions involved in stress are discussed. (PP)

A holistic approach to helping teachers cope with burnout and stress necessitates dealing with problems on several fronts simultaneously. Strategies for changing negative attitudes, understanding reasons for tensions, learning to relax, and increasing job satisfaction and self-esteem are outlined. (PP)

The literature on coping with stressful life events and the literature on parental issues related to the birth of a handicapped child suggest that such variables as understanding of the nature, intensity, and duration of parental responses figure prominently in their adjustment to the disability. The development of support programs designed to…

The term "burnout" has become popular for describing a condition of workers and administrators in professions with a high degree of people contact. Burnout involves feelings of exhaustion, development of chronic negative attitudes about oneself and/or clientele, and lowered job performance. A review of literature reveals that burnout as…

Ways of reducing occupational stress include: (1) avoiding the stressful situation; (2) changing the response to the stress; and (3) changing the environment. Administrators can help teachers manage stress by developing communication techniques, steering committees, and support groups. A second part of this article will be published in the January…

Research on children's perceptions of control has identified both changes and consistencies in control beliefs during childhood and early adolescence. Developmental changes in coping have also been documented. Implications of research for interventions aimed at enhancing children's problem-solving and coping skills are discussed. (SLD)

The application of stress management techniques to highly specialized populations and disorders has become an increasingly important clinical endeavor in recent years. Curiously, however, individuals undergoing one of the most stress-laden experiences, graduate school, have rarely been the focus of such efforts. There are three major forms of…

Psychologists have long been interested in the causes of student success or failure in college. In the late 1950's, investigators began to examine behaviors beyond the cognitive realm as crucial elements in the student's adaptation to college life. Research on adolescents' transition from high school to college identified several components of…

Describes interventions to solve problems encountered by members of families in transition. Proposes mediation between ex-spouses to reduce stress. Recommends training for parents in contingency management and communication skills. Recommends skill training methods that use the behavioral principles of skill identification, modeling, and…