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Direct linkVahe Permzadian; Kit W. Cho – Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 2025
Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of open-book examinations (OBE) in higher education has increased compared to closed-book examinations (CBE), raising questions about the relative efficacy of these two major examination formats. We review the effects of CBE and OBE on learning and examine potential moderating variables related to study,…
Descriptors: Test Format, Tests, College Students, Student Evaluation
