Background: Layperson cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an important skill with the potential to save millions of lives. However, CPR courses often require commercial, complicated, and expensive manikins. To increase access to CPR training worldwide at very low costs, Do-It-Yourself (DIY) devices may be a suitable tool for practising…

The school environment presents significant challenges for teachers as first responders to children who experience psychological turmoil during traumatic events. As these challenges emanate, the need for effective Psychological First Aid (PFA) becomes crucial to lessen the short and long-term impact of trauma on both the learners and these…

There's an increase in mental health concerns with youth, making it imperative to address developing educators' capacity for identifying and delivering mental health supports. Youth Mental Health First Aid (Y-MHFA) aims to provide the tools for adults to offer aid to youth in need or in crisis. This review examined outcomes associated with Y-MHFA…

Due to advances in medical treatments, students with terminal illnesses are more likely to attend public schools, increasing the possibility that they may die on school property. However, educational health plans often fail to consider end-of-life care decisions. In the absence of federal or state statutes, school boards are left to navigate the…

Background: Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) initiated before medical help arrives saves lives. Hands-Only CPR keeps the blood flowing to the brain and other organs, increasing a person's chance of survival. Methods: A literature review identified Hands-Only CPR as the preferred method of CPR performed in the community setting. Many…

The main objective of the present review is to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of physical education (PE) teachers concerning dental trauma first-aid through a systematic appraisal of the literature, meta-analysis and meta-regressions. The entire content of PubMed and ISI/Web of Science was mined. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies…

Background: This review examines the breadth of first aid training delivered to school students and the components that are age appropriate to adolescents. Method: Eligible studies included school-based first aid interventions targeting students aged between 10 and 18 years. Online databases were searched, for peer-reviewed publications available…

Advances in cold water near-drowning research show a high survival rate and argue for widespread instruction in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. (LH)

Brief information is presented about life-threatening traumatic injuries (blunt trauma and penetrating injury) which may occur in the classroom and on how teachers can respond before medical help arrives. Suggestions include evaluating the student's responsiveness, checking breathing ability and circulation, and keeping the situation as calm as…

Outdoor leaders constantly face problems created by water shortage and, to act effectively, must thoroughly understand the body's use of water and the ways to delay dehydration when water shortage occurs. Dehydration begins when there is a negative water balance, or more water lost than ingested, and progresses from the stage of dryness, to the…

Overviews certification changes affecting lifeguard training, progressive swimming instructors, CPR and first aid training, canoeing and kayaking instructors, sailing instructors, water skiing instructors, and instructor trainers. Addresses how changes impact American Camping Association standards. Provides addresses of training organizations. (LP)

This report describes the current state of the art in recreational boating for physically disabled persons. It contains information on safety, independence afloat, emergency procedures, and access to and from boating facilities and boats. Areas in need of further study and research are suggested and an annotated bibliography is provided. (JD)

This document consists of the six issues of the "Wilderness Medicine Newsletter" issued during 1995. The newsletter addresses issues related to the treatment and prevention of medical emergencies in the wilderness. Issues typically include feature articles, interviews with doctors in the field of wilderness medicine, product reviews,…