The focus of this paper is "dual" apprenticeship training, which involves both on-the-job and institutional training. Apprentices receive training both within the companies to which they are apprenticed and within state-run, vocational institutes. The cost of training under this system is mainly borne by the employer, which has given…

Purpose: This paper aims to review the relevant literature on training needs assessment (TNA) with an objective to provide users/beneficiaries of TNA with the understanding of its growing concept, multiple uses (outcomes), and valuing these uses (antecedents). Design/methodology/approach: To conduct the literature review on uses of TNA, the…

Discussion of summative evaluation focuses on eight steps involved in the planning process. Topics discussed include client commitment to evaluation; evaluating the training organization; evaluating management training, including appropriate evaluation strategy; institutionalizing the evaluation process so it becomes normal operating procedure;…

A review of the literature indicates that innovations in technology are making it possible for the consumer of information, the end user, to gather his own information online. The information specialist's role is changing from that of a researcher to a trainer and leader in the information gathering process. Reports on end user training indicate…

Reports on a seminar sponsored by the European Community that presented descriptions of projects involving the use of telecommunications for training and instruction via distance education. Topics discussed include the use of satellites, their cost effectiveness, computer-mediated communication (CMC), and further directions for the Commission of…

The authors discuss research findings concerninq the potential of computer-assisted instruction in training programs. Research studies concerned levels of skill acquisition, retention of learned materials; and cost effectiveness. (CT)

Examines the degree of fidelity required of a computer simulation to ensure maximum transfer of training. Simulators used in the military services for training pilots are described; relationships between fidelity, transfer, and cost are explored; and feedback to the student and measures of training effectiveness are discussed. (nine references)…

Describes the Advanced Instructional Design Advisor, an Air Force project which involves the development and testing of automated instructional design guidance for use by Air Force technical training specialists in the development of computer-based training software. System architecture is explained, and a cognitive continuum approach to the…

Compares the use of computer-based training (CBT) and interactive videodisc (IVD) for education and training. Highlights include research about CBT, including administrative strengths, cost effectiveness, motivation, feedback, and lesson control; steps involved in producing CBT and IVD materials; research about IVD, including content and learner…

Discussion of research that evaluates the effectiveness of interactive video used for training in the United States and in the United Kingdom highlights a program developed for the Ford Motor Company. Topics discussed include content-treatment interaction; learning strategies; intermode differences; research criteria; pretest and posttest results;…

Discusses the importance of both formative and summative evaluation of instructional design technology in educational and business settings. Topics discussed include interactive video, computer assisted instruction, courseware, industrial training methods, cost effectiveness, learner performance data, current research, computer simulation, and…

Financial analysis techniques are tools that help managers make sound financial decisions that contribute to general corporate objectives. A literature review reveals that the most commonly used financial analysis techniques are payback time, average rate of return, present value or present worth, and internal rate of return. Despite the success…

This guide summarizes current research and commentary on e-learning, examining the key issues facing organizations exploring e-learning for employee development. The guide contains six sections. The first section provides an introduction to the issue of e-learning and a summary of the issues discussed in the remainder of the guide. Section 2…

Following an introduction ("Return on Investment in Training" by Andrew Smith) that provides an overview and a synopsis of research findings, the following five chapters of this book present the results of five research projects funded by the National Research and Evaluation Committee in Australia in 1999-2000. The first four of these…

The Strategic Training of Employees Model (STEM) is a comprehensive training framework that balances the need for training against the constraints existing within organizations. The STEM is based on advances in economic and educational research. The following are among the theories that lay at the STEM's foundation: reinforcement theory; social…