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Peer reviewedNelson, Charles A. – Developmental Psychology, 1995
Reviews the literature on the relation between early memory development and corresponding changes in brain development of infants. Finds that an adult-like form of explicit memory emerges between 8 and 12 months of age, drawing heavily on limbic and cortical structures. Offers theoretical perspectives for studying the ontogeny of memory. (JW)
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Conditioning, Developmental Stages
Direct linkLovibond, Peter F. – Learning & Memory, 2004
Human conditioning research shows that learning is closely related to consciously available contingency knowledge, requires attentional resources, and is influenced by language. This research suggests a cognitive model in which extinction consists of changes in contingency beliefs in long-term memory. Laboratory and clinical evidence on extinction…
Descriptors: Learning Processes, Models, Scientific Research, Cognitive Processes
Download full textSilverrain, Ann – 1989
The paper outlines the operative principles for understanding learning and discusses how these principles can help in planning a functional program for a severely or profoundly brain-damaged child. Discussed are: (1) the role of memory in learning; (2) simple associative learning (Pavlovian Conditioning and Operant Conditioning); (3) Piaget's…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Emotional Response, Habituation, Learning Processes
Peer reviewedWickelgren, Wayne A. – Psychological Review, 1979
Horizontal vs vertical associative memory is defined. Vertical associative memory involves chunking--specifying new nodes representing combinations of old nodes. Chunking is the basis of semantic memory and cognitive learning. The hippocampal (limbic) arousal system is critical to the chunking process; its disruption produces the amnesic syndrome.…
Descriptors: Association (Psychology), Associative Learning, Cognitive Processes, Conditioning
Peer reviewedDomjan, Michael; Purdy, Jesse E. – American Psychologist, 1995
Examines how the contributions of animal research are presented in eight of the most widely used introductory psychology textbooks. The authors show that, with the exception of principles of conditioning and learning, the contributions of animal research are often not explicitly acknowledged or are obscured to look like they had been obtained with…
Descriptors: Behavioral Science Research, Conditioning, Developmental Psychology, Experimental Psychology
Hughes, Fergus P. – 1980
The recent phenomenon of the "returning adult" to colleges has raised concern regarding two implications: age decline in intellectual ability and loss due to lack of practice. Literature indicates slight impairment of the problem-solving function until the years of advanced age. The degree of impairment is related to factors of educational…
Descriptors: Adult Development, Adult Education, Adult Learning, Adult Students
