Background: Since it was first launched, ChatGPT, a Large Language Model (LLM), has been widely used across different disciplines, particularly the medical field. Objective: The main aim of this review is to thoroughly assess the performance of the distinct version of ChatGPT in subspecialty written medical proficiency exams and the factors that…

This research synthesizes studies that used a Digitalized Interactive Component (DIC) to assess K-12 student mathematics performance during Computer-based-Assessments (CBAs) in mathematics. A systematic search identified ten studies that categorized existing DICs according to the tools that provided language assistance to students and tools that…

Homogeneity of variance (HOV) is a major assumption underlying the validity of many parametric tests. More importantly, it serves as the null hypothesis in substantive studies that focus on cross- or within-group dispersion. Despite a widely acknowledged need for testing HOV, very few textbooks give adequate coverage on the topic, and many HOV…