This paper offers an analysis of scientific creativity based on theoretical models and experimental results of the cognitive sciences. Its core idea is that scientific creativity--like other forms of creativity--is structured and constrained by prior ontological expectations. Analogies provide scientists with a powerful epistemic tool to overcome…

Provides a rationale for the information science community to consider the needs and challenges of spatial information issues as well as overviews of the seven articles on spatial information contained in this special topic issue. Brief biographies of the 16 authors are included. (six references) (KRN)

Discusses issues related to knowledge management and organizational knowledge. Highlights include types of knowledge; the knowledge economy; intellectual capital; knowledge and learning organizations; knowledge management strategies and processes; organizational culture; the role of technology; measuring knowledge; and the role of the information…

Programs examples and discusses the profitability of entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial operations that charge fees for information services and products. Various types of fees and charging mechanisms are described. A list of professional associations, publications, workshops, and selected readings is provided. (CLB)

Discusses infoethics, i.e., the ethics of information systems that address the use of information in relation to human values. Topics addressed include models of moral agency; librarians and information professionals as moral agents; the professional ethical self; levels of ethical orientation in the workplace; and ethical selves in the global…

This article highlights the scientific contributions of nineteenth-century German researchers in describing neuropsychologic dysfunction and in conceptualizing and cerebrally localizing clinical syndromes associated with learning disabilities. Noted are contributions of Pierre Paul Broca, Carl Wernicke, Ludwig Lichtheim, Hugo Karl Liepmann, B.…

Discusses ethical concerns of information science professionals from two viewpoints: concerns of practitioners and the information industry, including a prototype for ethical contexts and principles for ethical actions; and concerns of theoreticians and researchers, including system principles and ideological, political, and social frameworks.…

Examines the work of Paul Otlet as a forerunner of hypertext and as a pioneer in the history of information science. Topics addressed include microtext systems; the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC); hypertext links, navigation, and the UDC; Offices of Documentation; multimedia; a universal network for documentation; user-centeredness; and…

Reviews literature on the relationship of gender and science. Identifies four basic approaches: (1) the recovery of forgotten scientific achievements by women; (2) analysis of the history of women's participation in scientific institutions; (3) examination of how science has defined the nature of women; and (4) analysis of the masculinist nature…

This article surveys questions concerning the need for education and training of qualified information professionals in developing countries. Highlights include concept of development and information, search of relevance, settings (continuing education, library schools, education abroad), implementation (contents, faculty, facilities, and…

Presents a management model of ethical decision making in librarianship. Highlights include a definition of ethics; ethical concerns in information professions; the concept of social responsibility; ethical dimensions of decision making, including access to information and hiring decisions; ethical considerations for managers; and strategies for…

The origins, development, and influences of James McKeen Cattell's research on the conditions, performance, traits, and other characteristics of preeminent American scientists are discussed. Cattell's role in the development of academic quality rankings is noted. (MSE)

Discusses operational, organizational, and technological developments that are transforming the workplace; describes the concept of knowledge worker and the information utility model; considers how these factors provide opportunities for library administrators and other information resource management professionals to improve user services; and…

Reviews the literature from 1980-93 that discusses information technologies use by state and local governments. Highlights include public sector organizations; a history of information technology management; current information technologies, including information architectures and information resources management; geographic information systems;…

There are increasing calls in the science education community for "science for citizenship" as an important goal for the school science curriculum of the 21st century. The potential influence of portrayals of science and scientists in popular culture on the achievement of this goal is explored in this paper through a review of the literature. We…