Introduction: The digital era is reshaping not only technology and economy but also the legal systems governing democratic societies. The rapid emergence of artificial intelligence, big data, and digitisation calls for proactive adaptation of legal frameworks. This article explores the intersection of digital transformation and the rule of law,…

Over the last two decades, online safety education has emerged as a new field of research focusing on concerns about a myriad of cyber risks. These risks range from online sexual exploitation through to the reproduction of social inequalities. The main assumption underlying this field is that online risks can be mitigated via educational…

The human aspects of cyber security are fundamental as these are interlinked with processes and technology in building resilience against an evolving and complex threat landscape. It is vital to teach future cyber security specialists sufficient knowledge about human aspects in order to strengthen the defences and defend against malicious actors.…

Purpose: The growth of the internet, access to technology and rapid digital transformations have paved the way for developing attack surfaces for individuals and organizations. There is a dire need to provide cybersecurity awareness most effectively. Gamification-based platforms have evolved to make cybersecurity education more engaging and…

The profound impact of the Internet of Things (IoT) on various fronts, is driven by technological advancements, the ubiquitous spread of information, and the emergence of transformative events. IoT presents a diverse array of possibilities within university environments, fostering a more connected and enhanced educational experience. This research…

As higher education institutions (HEIs) increasingly rely on digital technologies for teaching, research, and administration, they are facing continuous increases in cybersecurity threats due to their open and complex IT environments. They are becoming high-value targets for cyberattacks such as ransomware, data breaches, and intellectual property…

Competency models are widely adopted frameworks that are used to improve human resource functions and education. However, the characteristics of competency models related to the information security and cybersecurity domains are not well understood. To bridge this gap, this study investigates the current state of competency models related to the…

Software is developed specifically for children and this often requires them to authenticate themselves, usually by entering a password. Password hygiene is important for children, because the principles they learn in early life will often endure across their life span. Children learn from their parents, siblings, teachers, and peers. They also…

Cyberspace-related risks have increased massively due to the absence of awareness and self-resistance among Internet users to safeguard themselves. One of the vital measures to cultivate knowledge and understanding is the holistic intervention of cyber safety and security programs. Creating awareness through cyber safety and security initiatives…

This study aims to develop a preliminary model for the content validation of serious games, specifically to assess two cybersecurity games designed for children aged 8-13 years as part of the Erasmus+ project "SuperCyberKids". Using a scoping review of databases from pedagogy, psychology, and computer science, we identified current…

Primary school students, despite their vulnerability to cyberattacks, lack targeted cybersecurity education. Using Scopus and Google Scholar, this scoping review analyzed 15 articles (2014-2024) following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines to examine the landscape of…

Over the last decade, industry and academia have worked towards raising students' interests in cybersecurity through game-like competitions to fill a shortfall of cybersecurity professionals. Rising interest in video games in combination with gamification techniques make learning fun, easy, and addictive. It is crucial that cybersecurity curricula…

Contribution: This article presents a systematic literature review of research concerning cyber security education for children (under 18s) on a global scale. Background: While the Internet brings great convenience to children, it can potentially cause harms due to lack of knowledge about online risks. Research Questions: 1. What cyber security…

The rapid expansion of digital connectivity has provided youth with wide-ranging access to digital platforms for communication, entertainment, and education. In light of this profound shift, there have been growing concerns about online safety, data privacy, and cybersecurity. A critical factor influencing the ability of youth to responsibly…

Media coverage suggests that ChatGPT can pass examinations based on multiple choice questions (MCQs), including those used to qualify doctors, lawyers, scientists etc. This poses a potential risk to the integrity of those examinations. We reviewed current research evidence regarding the performance of ChatGPT on MCQ-based examinations in higher…