Reasons for the relative lack of literature dealing with spatial concepts of low-vision children are suggested, and two assumptions are seen as invalid: (1) that knowledge of spatial concepts is not important for persons with low vision and (2) that children with low vision have adequate knowledge of spatial concepts. (CL)

This booklet clearly spells out what students should know and be able to do in United States History. Examples are given to help students understand what is required to meet the standards. Students should review this guide with their teachers and share it with their parents and family. This two-semester course builds upon concepts developed in…

Schema Theory, the use of the learner's background knowledge for the building of new knowledge, is applied to improving reading comprehension skills and teaching vocabulary words and concepts to learning disabled students. Semantic mapping is a vocbulary strategy which produces the interaction between prior knowledge in a graphic form. For…

Acquiring subject matter knowledge and developing teaching methodology in university coursework facilitates changes in conceptions of teaching. Professional conferences and mentor programs help beginning teachers continue acquiring this content and pedagogical knowledge. Through this developmental stage, physical educator majors' and beginning…

This manual identifies characteristics of instructional tools that are effective and efficient in promoting cognitive access for a broad diversity of students, especially those with learning disabilities. An introductory chapter defines "instructional tools" and considers the importance of their design, their use in addressing student…

The Children's Attitudes Toward the Elderly (CATE) is designed to assess the attitudes of children, ages 3 to 11, towards the elderly through analysis of the affective, behavioral, and knowledge components of attitudes. To achieve a balanced sample of test items for each domain, four measurement techniques are used: open-ended questions; semantic…

Prejudice and how it can lead to discrimination is discussed with children as the audience. Discrimination begins with prejudice: the idea that one group is better than another. Although prejudice is morally wrong, it is not illegal, but it can lead to illegal discrimination. Discrimination is discussed with regard to: (1) individual rights; (2)…

A paradigm for learning economic concepts based on cognitive development and learning theory is offered as a guideline for teaching and research. Discussion is divided into two sections. The first section establishes the model's theoretical framework, which is based on two propositions. The first of these is that economic knowledge is not a fixed…