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Duschl, Richard – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 1989
This paper criticizes the Yeany, Yap, and Padilla paper (1986). Questions the internal consistency about hierarchical relationships of integrated processes and cognitive reasoning concerning procedures used for the generation of subhierarchies, instrumentation used to assess the process skills, and rigor of lexicon. (YP)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Formal Operations, Instrumentation, Process Education
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Clancey, William J. – 1986
Artificial Intelligence researchers and cognitive scientists commonly believe that thinking involves manipulating representations. Thinking involves search, inference, and making choices. This is how we model reasoning and what goes on in the brain is similar. Winograd and Flores present a radically different view, claiming that our knowledge is…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Behavior Theories, Book Reviews, Cognitive Processes
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Bryant, P. E. – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 1987
Argues that Susan Sugarman's article in this issue contains some valid criticism of assumptions in developmental psychology, but that some of her conclusions regarding other assumptions need to be questioned. Suggests that many problems raised by Sugarman would disappear if developmental psychologists concentrated on children's early achievements…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Developmental Psychology, Developmental Stages