Recent research has found that linguistic cues may affect children's number word acquisition. Two studies were undertaken to evaluate the use of singular/plural markings and small number words in Chinese and English and its effect on children's number concepts. The first study utilized the CHILDES data and investigated how singular/plural markings and number words of "one," "two," and "three" are used in Chinese and compared it with that of English. The second study entailed testing twenty-four 2.4- to 3.3-year-old Chinese- and English-speaking children on number identification tasks. Results show that the English-speaking children performed significantly better than Chinese-speaking children in identifying "two," "three," and "four" as referents for collections of multiple items but not in identifying those number words as referents for specific pluralities. Additionally, the results show that English-speaking children were more inclined to count when quantifying small number sets than Chinese-speaking children.