Surveys of Hungarian and U.S. workers examined attitudes toward promotions, flexibility of hours, autonomy at work, economic rewards, and job security in capitalist versus socialist context. Important concerns for Hungarians were flexibility to pursue second jobs and economic incentives, whereas Americans were concerned with promotion…

Until the 1970s, social norms dictated that women provided care for their families and men were employed for pay. The rapid increase in paid work for women has resulted in an untenable model of work and care in which all employees are assumed to be unencumbered with family responsibilities and women who care for their families are dismissed as…