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Sangwin, Christopher J.; Jones, Ian – Educational Studies in Mathematics, 2017
In this paper we report the results of an experiment designed to test the hypothesis that when faced with a question involving the inverse direction of a reversible mathematical process, students solve a multiple-choice version by verifying the answers presented to them by the direct method, not by undertaking the actual inverse calculation.…
Descriptors: Mathematics Achievement, Mathematics Tests, Multiple Choice Tests, Computer Assisted Testing
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Rigato, Silvia; Menon, Enrica; Farroni, Teresa; Johnson, Mark H. – British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2013
In this study, 4-month-old infants' and adults' spontaneous preferences for emotional and neutral displays with direct and averted gaze are investigated using visual preference paradigms. Specifically, by presenting two approach-oriented emotions (happiness and anger) and two avoidance-oriented emotions (fear and sadness), we asked whether the…
Descriptors: Infants, Eye Movements, Adults, Visual Stimuli
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Owens, Matthew; Stevenson, Jim; Hadwin, Julie A.; Norgate, Roger – School Psychology International, 2012
Anxiety and depression are linked to lower academic performance. It is proposed that academic performance is reduced in young people with high levels of anxiety or depression as a function of increased test-specific worry that impinges on working memory central executive processes. Participants were typically developing children (12 to…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Short Term Memory, School Psychology, Depression (Psychology)